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Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O mau uso de medicamentos psicoativos (MUMP) é um problema de saúde pública, sendo mais significativo nos Estados Unidos da América. Na União Europeia (UE), a evidência é limitada e quase ausente em Portugal. O objetivo desta dissertação é adquirir conhecimento sobre as consequências do MUMP a nível europeu e nacional, e identificar indicadores de morbilidade associada a este fenómeno em Portugal (2014-2018).
Metodologia: De forma a avaliar as consequências do MUMP na UE foi realizada uma scoping review. A PubMed, Scopus e a Web of Science foram as bases de dados (BD) utilizadas para a realização da pesquisa entre 2011 e 2020. Adicionalmente, artigos de outras fontes foram incluídos na pesquisa. Uma análise preliminar foi realizada à BD de hospitalizações.
Resultados:Com a scoping review, foram identificados 1.339 artigos, dos quais 110 artigos foram incluídos. Os mesmos reportaram dados sobre o consumo, fatores de risco, mau uso e suas consequências e características da população. A análise preliminar da base de dados realça um total de 13.813 admissões hospitalares (AH) registadas num período de 5 anos, com uma tendência de cresci-mento observada (aumento de 2,2 vezes). A maioria das AH associadas ao mau uso de MP foram em mulheres e as principais classes terapêuticas foram ansiolíticos (65%) e antidepres-sivos (16%).
Conclusão:A evidência disponível na UE sobre o MUMP, foca-se nos opioides, benzodiazepinas/z-hipnó-ticos e gabapentinoides. Foi observada uma diferença entre mulheres e homens, com estudos a reportar o mau uso de benzodiazepinas/z-hipnóticos em mulheres e o mau uso de opioides nos homens. Em Portugal, as AH envolveram mais mulheres, com ansiolíticos e sedativos como a causa principal de admissões hospitalares.
Introduction: Misuse of psychoactive medicines is a worldwide public health concern, with a more significant problem in USA. European Union (EU) evidence is scarce, with an apparent increase in pre-scription drug abuse and misuse, and almost absent in Portugal. This dissertation aims to ac-quire knowledge on the consequences of misuse of psychoactive medicines at European and national levels and to study morbidity indicators associated with the identified problem of mis-use in Portugal, between 2014 and 2018. Methodology:To assess the health outcomes of PPD misuse in the EU, a scoping review on the misuse of PPDs was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases between 2011 and 2020. In addition, articles from other sources were included in the search. Furthermore, a preliminary analysis was performed to the hospital morbidity database. Results:In the scoping review, 1,339 articles were identified, of which 110 were included, reporting data on consumption, risk factors, misuse and its consequences, and demographic characteris-tics. The preliminary analysis of the Portuguese hospital morbidity database highlighted a total of 13,813 hospital admissions registered over this 5-year period, with an increasing trend ob-served (2.2-fold increase). Most hospital admissions associated with psychoactive substances misuse were in females and the top therapeutic classes identified were anxiolytics (65%) and antidepressants (16%). Conclusion:Current evidence on the misuse of PPD focuses on opioids, benzodiazepines/z-drugs, and gabapentinoids around the EU. A clear difference between females and males is identified, with females being more likely to misuse BZD/z-drugs and males more likely to misuse opioids. Specifically, in Portugal, hospital admissions were more observed in females, with anxiolytics and sedatives being the main therapeutic classes causing emergency visits.
Introduction: Misuse of psychoactive medicines is a worldwide public health concern, with a more significant problem in USA. European Union (EU) evidence is scarce, with an apparent increase in pre-scription drug abuse and misuse, and almost absent in Portugal. This dissertation aims to ac-quire knowledge on the consequences of misuse of psychoactive medicines at European and national levels and to study morbidity indicators associated with the identified problem of mis-use in Portugal, between 2014 and 2018. Methodology:To assess the health outcomes of PPD misuse in the EU, a scoping review on the misuse of PPDs was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases between 2011 and 2020. In addition, articles from other sources were included in the search. Furthermore, a preliminary analysis was performed to the hospital morbidity database. Results:In the scoping review, 1,339 articles were identified, of which 110 were included, reporting data on consumption, risk factors, misuse and its consequences, and demographic characteris-tics. The preliminary analysis of the Portuguese hospital morbidity database highlighted a total of 13,813 hospital admissions registered over this 5-year period, with an increasing trend ob-served (2.2-fold increase). Most hospital admissions associated with psychoactive substances misuse were in females and the top therapeutic classes identified were anxiolytics (65%) and antidepressants (16%). Conclusion:Current evidence on the misuse of PPD focuses on opioids, benzodiazepines/z-drugs, and gabapentinoids around the EU. A clear difference between females and males is identified, with females being more likely to misuse BZD/z-drugs and males more likely to misuse opioids. Specifically, in Portugal, hospital admissions were more observed in females, with anxiolytics and sedatives being the main therapeutic classes causing emergency visits.
Description
Tese de mestrado, Regulação e Avaliação do Medicamento e Produtos de Saúde, 2022, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Keywords
Prescription drug misuse Psychoactive medicines Non-medical use Abuse Consequences of misuse Teses de mestrado - 2022