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Construção de um manual de receção de matéria-prima para um processo de embalagem e comercialização de carcaças e miudezas de aves de capoeira
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Resumo(s)
A exigência do consumidor por produtos de qualidade e seguros tem crescido cada vez mais, tornando essencial um rigoroso controlo da qualidade e da segurança dos géneros alimentícios, efetuado por cada operador da cadeia alimentar no momento em que recebe a matéria-prima. O presente trabalho focou-se nos procedimentos de avaliação de fornecedores e de receção de matéria-prima para um processo de embalagem e comercialização de carcaças e miudezas de aves numa unidade industrial de produtos à base de carne de aves, com base no respetivo sistema de qualidade e segurança dos géneros alimentícios.
A avaliação da matéria-prima realizou-se segundo critérios macroscópicos, qualitativos e objetivos, estabelecidos com base nas especificações da empresa X, complementados com sistemas de avaliação de carcaças e com os níveis de qualidade aceitável definidos na ISO 2859-1:2017. A avaliação da matéria-prima incluiu verificação de carcaças e miudezas de aves de capoeira, o respetivo vasilhame e condições do transporte, determinando-se a taxa de rejeição. O processo de medição de temperatura à receção também foi alvo de avaliação. Complementarmente, a avaliação dos fornecedores quanto ao critério qualidade, incluiu os subcritérios taxa de rejeição e peso médio de devoluções, e foi executado através da Técnica para Ordem de Preferência por Similaridade com a Solução Ideal (TOPSIS). Com base na literatura elaborou-se uma lista de verificação de modo a verificar vulnerabilidades e medidas de defesa alimentar nesta unidade.
Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a carcaça de frango de produção intensiva (Gallus domesticus) e de pato (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) apresentam a menor (3,85%) e a maior taxa de rejeição (26,19%), respetivamente. Foi demonstrado que a deficiente depena de carcaças constituiu a principal não conformidade (26,11% das rejeições), seguida de presença de hematomas (21,27%). Os resultados permitiram ainda validar o procedimento de medição de temperatura de matéria-prima perecível, aquando da sua receção. Já a avaliação segundo o modelo TOPSIS permitiu identificar uma disparidade no desempenho dos fornecedores, apresentado o fornecedor “F” o melhor resultado e o “E”, o pior. As respetivas taxas de rejeição demonstraram a potencial relação entre fornecedores e anomalias. Por fim a avaliação de requisitos de defesa alimentar da unidade determinou a existência de um ineficiente controlo de acesso a certas zonas como a receção de matéria-prima, bem como ao armazenamento da mesma, como potenciais vulnerabilidades. Por outro lado, a unidade apresentou boas medidas de defesa alimentar, resultante da existência de um plano de defesa alimentar.
ABSTRACT - RAW MATERIAL RECEPTION MANUAL DEVELOPMENT FOR A PROCESS OF POULTRY CARCASSES AND GIBLETS PACKAGING AND COMMERCIALIZATION - Consumer demand for quality and safe products has grown increasingly, making strict foodstuffs' quality and safety control essential, carried out by each operator in the food chain when receiving the raw materials. The present work focuses on the supplier evaluation and raw material reception procedures for the packaging and commercialization of poultry carcass and giblet processes in a poultry meat-based products industrial unit, based on the respective food quality and safety system. The evaluation of the raw material was executed according to macroscopic, qualitative, and objective criteria established by the company X specifications, supplemented with carcass evaluation systems, and according to acceptable quality levels defined in ISO 2859-1:2017. Poultry carcasses and giblets, as well as canisters and transport vehicles, were evaluated, determining the rejection rate. The temperature measurement process was also evaluated. The supplier's assessment of quality standards included rejection rate and average return weight as the sub criteria and was developed through a Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) model. Based on the literature, a checklist was developed to verify vulnerabilities and food defense measures in the unit. The results showed that the broilers' carcass (Gallus gallus domesticus) and ducks carcass (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) had the lowest (3.98%) and largest rejection rate (26.19%) respectively. It was demonstrated that the deficient carcass plucking (26.11% of rejections) was the main non-conformity, followed by the presence of bruises (21.27%). Furthermore, the results allowed us to validate the temperature measurement procedure in perishable raw materials receipt. On the other hand, the evaluation according to the TOPSIS model allowed to identify a disparity in the performance of suppliers in which the supplier “F” presented the best results and “E” the worst. Their rejection rate suggests a potential link between the supplier and defects, and its absenteeism. Finally, the assessment of food defense requirements determined in this unit, the lack of access control to areas such as the receipt of raw materials and raw material storage chambers, as potential vulnerabilities. However, the unit presented good food defense measures, a result of the existence of a food defense plan.
ABSTRACT - RAW MATERIAL RECEPTION MANUAL DEVELOPMENT FOR A PROCESS OF POULTRY CARCASSES AND GIBLETS PACKAGING AND COMMERCIALIZATION - Consumer demand for quality and safe products has grown increasingly, making strict foodstuffs' quality and safety control essential, carried out by each operator in the food chain when receiving the raw materials. The present work focuses on the supplier evaluation and raw material reception procedures for the packaging and commercialization of poultry carcass and giblet processes in a poultry meat-based products industrial unit, based on the respective food quality and safety system. The evaluation of the raw material was executed according to macroscopic, qualitative, and objective criteria established by the company X specifications, supplemented with carcass evaluation systems, and according to acceptable quality levels defined in ISO 2859-1:2017. Poultry carcasses and giblets, as well as canisters and transport vehicles, were evaluated, determining the rejection rate. The temperature measurement process was also evaluated. The supplier's assessment of quality standards included rejection rate and average return weight as the sub criteria and was developed through a Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) model. Based on the literature, a checklist was developed to verify vulnerabilities and food defense measures in the unit. The results showed that the broilers' carcass (Gallus gallus domesticus) and ducks carcass (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) had the lowest (3.98%) and largest rejection rate (26.19%) respectively. It was demonstrated that the deficient carcass plucking (26.11% of rejections) was the main non-conformity, followed by the presence of bruises (21.27%). Furthermore, the results allowed us to validate the temperature measurement procedure in perishable raw materials receipt. On the other hand, the evaluation according to the TOPSIS model allowed to identify a disparity in the performance of suppliers in which the supplier “F” presented the best results and “E” the worst. Their rejection rate suggests a potential link between the supplier and defects, and its absenteeism. Finally, the assessment of food defense requirements determined in this unit, the lack of access control to areas such as the receipt of raw materials and raw material storage chambers, as potential vulnerabilities. However, the unit presented good food defense measures, a result of the existence of a food defense plan.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Controlo da qualidade especificação não conformidade avaliação de fornecedores defesa alimentar Quality control specification non-conformity supplier evaluation food defense
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Eloy GNCMB 2021. Construção de um manual de receção de matéria-prima para um processo de embalagem e comercialização de carcaças e miudezas de aves de capoeira [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária