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Uma metodologia de avaliação de infraestruturas tecnológicas
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Tal como em muitos outros contextos, a criação de infra-estruturas tecnológicas em
Portugal obedeceu ao crescente reconhecimento do impacte decisivo da inovação na
melhoria da competitividade industrial. A sua génese deve-se, assim, em grande
medida, a uma forte intervenção pública, tendo sido largamente facilitada pela
disponibilização de fundos estruturais comunitários, operacionalizados, na vertente de
apoio à indústria, através dos Programas PEDIP I e II. Neste âmbito foram concedidos
apoios à criação e expansão, bem como à consolidação de um conjunto de entidades
com a missão de contribuir, através da transferência de tecnologia, para o
desenvolvimento da base tecnológica da indústria. Entre estas entidades, designadas
por infra-estruturas tecnológicas, destacamos por serem objecto de estudo na presente
tese, os Centros Tecnológicos, os Institutos de Novas Tecnologias e os Centros de
Transferência de Tecnologia.
O sub-sistema assim criado tem vindo a revelar, na sua generalidade, grandes
dificuldades de inserção no mercado, sendo visível em muitas entidades uma
deficiente estrutura financeira, funcional e de gestão. Acresce uma envolvente pouco
favorável onde pontua um sistema industrial composto em larga medida por PME"s.
com baixa apetência para a inovação e com um padrão de especialização de baixa
intensidade tecnológica.
Nestas condições a análise do desempenho destas entidades e sua explicação, revelase
assim fundamental, tanto mais que a avaliação da eficácia e do impacte em termos
económicos de políticas e programas públicos é preocupação e prática crescente dos
governos. O objectivo da presente tese enquadra-se nesta preocupação, tendo em vista
desenvolver uma metodologia de avaliação de desempenho destas IT's. O modelo de
análise proposto prevê uma análise individual e agregada de desempenho,
privilegiando ainda a vertente dinâmica da evolução das entidades e o seu
posicionamento estratégico. Para a análise individual foram utilizados indicadores que
captassem o "processo interno" em toda a sua extensão (inputs do processo;
indicadores de processo: interacção com a envolvente, desenvolvimento de
competências, actividade operacional; indicadores de resultados). Para a análise do
seu posicionamento estratégico, tendo em vista as potencialidades de
desenvolvimento sustentável, foi proposta a análise da conjugação de três vectores: a
sustentabilidade da base de apoio estratégica, a capacidade de interacção e a
capacidade operacional.
As it has been the case in many other contexts, the creation of the Portuguese Technological Infrastructures is related to the growing knowledge of the decisive impact innovation has on the improvement of industrial competitivity. Therefore their establishment depended, to a great extent, on public interVention, largely supported by the community structural funds, which, in turn, where made available through national programmes as PEDIP and PEDIP II. Under these programmes, financial support has been given to the creation, expansion and consolidation of a group of "bridging institutions" whose mission was to contribute to the industrial technological base development. Among them. the following groups are the subject of the present thesis: Technological Centres, Institutions of New Technologies and Transfer Technology Centres. However, such a subsystem has been showing increasing problems as it develops, namely market ones. Many institutions appear to have also financial, organisational and management problems. It has to be strengthened that the context in which they act cannot be considered a favourable one, as well. Actually, the industrial system is mainly composed by SME"s. not eager to innovate. and characterised by a pattern of low technological intensity. This situation calls for an accurate evaluation of the wa\- these institutions are conducting their activities, more so as nowadays the evaluation of public policies and programmes is of growing concern. This is the main reason why this thesis aims at developing a methodology for evaluating those eníities performances. We propose a model directed towards both an individual and an aggregate analysis, in which the dynamics of such institutions as well as their strategic position are taken into account. Regarding the individual analysis, we have used indicators that capture the "internai process" as a whole; (process input indicators; specific process indicators such as: indicators of exterior interaction, indicators of capabilities development and indicators of operational activities; output indicators). As far as the strategic positioning, is concemed, and having in mind their capacity towards a sustainable growth, we propose a joint analysis of the following factors: the sustainability of the strategic support basis of the IT, its capacity to interact with the exterior and, finally, its operational capacity.
As it has been the case in many other contexts, the creation of the Portuguese Technological Infrastructures is related to the growing knowledge of the decisive impact innovation has on the improvement of industrial competitivity. Therefore their establishment depended, to a great extent, on public interVention, largely supported by the community structural funds, which, in turn, where made available through national programmes as PEDIP and PEDIP II. Under these programmes, financial support has been given to the creation, expansion and consolidation of a group of "bridging institutions" whose mission was to contribute to the industrial technological base development. Among them. the following groups are the subject of the present thesis: Technological Centres, Institutions of New Technologies and Transfer Technology Centres. However, such a subsystem has been showing increasing problems as it develops, namely market ones. Many institutions appear to have also financial, organisational and management problems. It has to be strengthened that the context in which they act cannot be considered a favourable one, as well. Actually, the industrial system is mainly composed by SME"s. not eager to innovate. and characterised by a pattern of low technological intensity. This situation calls for an accurate evaluation of the wa\- these institutions are conducting their activities, more so as nowadays the evaluation of public policies and programmes is of growing concern. This is the main reason why this thesis aims at developing a methodology for evaluating those eníities performances. We propose a model directed towards both an individual and an aggregate analysis, in which the dynamics of such institutions as well as their strategic position are taken into account. Regarding the individual analysis, we have used indicators that capture the "internai process" as a whole; (process input indicators; specific process indicators such as: indicators of exterior interaction, indicators of capabilities development and indicators of operational activities; output indicators). As far as the strategic positioning, is concemed, and having in mind their capacity towards a sustainable growth, we propose a joint analysis of the following factors: the sustainability of the strategic support basis of the IT, its capacity to interact with the exterior and, finally, its operational capacity.
Descrição
Mestrado em Economia e Gestão de Ciência e Tecnologia
Palavras-chave
Política de ciência e tecnologia Sistermas de inovação Transferência de tecnologia Desenvolvimento tecnológico Infra-estruturas tecnológicas Avaliação de desempenho
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Egreja, Filomena Maria de Matos Casimiro, (1999)." Uma metodologia de avaliação de infraestruturas tecnológicas".Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão