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Authors
Abstract(s)
Os rastreios representam atualmente um meio muito eficaz de detetar doenças precocemente, podendo ser uma forma de contribuir para a diminuição da prevalência e da mortalidade associadas às doenças, bem como diminuir os gastos em saúde. As farmácias comunitárias são um espaço privilegiado para a realização destes rastreios, pelas competências e conhecimento dos farmacêuticos, pela confiança depositada pela população no seu farmacêutico e porque a farmácia é o local de cuidados de saúde ao qual o doente mais vezes recorre em primeiro lugar. Embora ainda existam várias barreiras à implementação deste tipo de serviços em farmácias, quer seja por falta de motivação e tempo dos farmacêuticos ou pela falta de meios de comunicação eficazes entre médicos e farmacêuticos, a verdade é que várias destas barreiras já foram ultrapassadas e os rastreios estão, neste momento, largamente implementados nos eventos ocorridos no dia-a-dia de muitas farmácias. Neste contexto, a presente monografia aborda um largo conjunto de rastreios realizados na farmácia comunitária, por farmacêuticos, desde rastreios cardiovasculares, testes rápidos de VIH, VHB, VHC, rastreios de osteoporose, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica e cancro colorretal, bem como equipamentos de bancada existentes em farmácias que fazem a medição de vários parâmetros bioquímicos em simultâneo. Estes rastreios estão amplamente distribuídos pelo mundo, tendo sido realizados não só em Portugal, mas também em países como a Austrália, Espanha e Estados Unidos da América. Esta monografia aborda também os aparelhos utilizados nestes rastreios, a sua precisão e exatidão, os procedimentos adotados pela farmácia para a sua realização, a avaliação dos resultados com ênfase, sobretudo, nas consequências obtidas com estes rastreios, nomeadamente os casos de doenças detetados precocemente, permitindo assim concluir que os rastreios representam uma vantagem para a população e que se deve apostar na sua continuidade nas farmácias comunitárias e na implementação de cada vez mais rastreios em vários espaços de saúde.
Screening is currently a very effective way of detecting disease early and may be a way of contributing to decrease disease prevalence and mortality, as well as a decrease in health spending. Community pharmacies are a privileged space for screening, not only because of the expertise and knowledge of pharmacists but also because of the trust that population deposite in their pharmacist and because the pharmacy is the place of health care to which the patient most often comes first. Although there still are several barriers to the implementation of this type of pharmacy service, either because of lack pharmacist motivation and time or the lack of effective means of communication between doctors and pharmacists, the truth is that several of these barriers have already been overcome and the screenings are now widely implemented in the day-to-day events of many pharmacies around the world. In this context, the present monograph addresses a wide range of pharmacy screenings, from cardiovascular screening, VIH, VHB, VHC screening, osteoporosis screening, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and colorectal cancer, as well as benchtop equipment pharmacies that measure several biochemical parameters simultaneously. These screenings are widely distributed around the world, not only in Portugal but also in countries such as Australia, Spain and the United States. This monograph also deals with the devices used in these screenings, their accuracy and precision, the procedures adopted by the pharmacy to perform them, the reliability of the results, with emphasis, in particular, on the consequences obtained with these screenings, namely the cases of early detected diseases, It can thus be concluded that the screening is an advantage for the population and their continuity on community pharmacies should be a priority as well as the implementation of more new screenings in anothers health spaces.
Screening is currently a very effective way of detecting disease early and may be a way of contributing to decrease disease prevalence and mortality, as well as a decrease in health spending. Community pharmacies are a privileged space for screening, not only because of the expertise and knowledge of pharmacists but also because of the trust that population deposite in their pharmacist and because the pharmacy is the place of health care to which the patient most often comes first. Although there still are several barriers to the implementation of this type of pharmacy service, either because of lack pharmacist motivation and time or the lack of effective means of communication between doctors and pharmacists, the truth is that several of these barriers have already been overcome and the screenings are now widely implemented in the day-to-day events of many pharmacies around the world. In this context, the present monograph addresses a wide range of pharmacy screenings, from cardiovascular screening, VIH, VHB, VHC screening, osteoporosis screening, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and colorectal cancer, as well as benchtop equipment pharmacies that measure several biochemical parameters simultaneously. These screenings are widely distributed around the world, not only in Portugal but also in countries such as Australia, Spain and the United States. This monograph also deals with the devices used in these screenings, their accuracy and precision, the procedures adopted by the pharmacy to perform them, the reliability of the results, with emphasis, in particular, on the consequences obtained with these screenings, namely the cases of early detected diseases, It can thus be concluded that the screening is an advantage for the population and their continuity on community pharmacies should be a priority as well as the implementation of more new screenings in anothers health spaces.
Description
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2019
Keywords
Rastreio Farmácia comunitária Resultados Fiabilidade Doença Mestrado Integrado - 2019