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Sobre a admissibilidade das ações de vida indevida
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A presente investigação tem por objeto a denominada vida indevida e visa determinar a existência ou não de um direito a não nascer, aferindo da admissibilidade das ações judiciais intentadas pela criança nascida com deficiências e/ou malformações graves que a alega, as ações de vida indevida ou de wrongful life. Este estudo pretende averiguar se e em que medida são os médicos responsáveis por estas vidas, nomeadamente se a sua atuação, havendo desrespeito das legis artis, pode constituir um facto ilícito e ser considerada a causa de um nascimento nessas condições. Delimitaremos as mesmas distinguindo-as das ações de wrongful conception ou de wrongful pregnancy e das ações de wrongful birth, correspondendo as três a wrongful actions com características específicas ao nível material e processual que cumpre analisar. Partindo de um estudo centrado nos direitos de personalidade, veremos de que modo é chamado à colação o instituto da responsabilidade civil e, mais concretamente, da responsabilidade civil médica, observando a variada argumentação utilizada por parte da doutrina nesta sede, a qual vai contribuindo com a construção de diferentes paradigmas teóricos sobre o tema. Atentaremos a casos reais que ainda hoje têm lugar nos tribunais nacionais e internacionais, e às decisões tomadas por estes, de modo a podermos, com maior segurança, analisar as teses que admitem ou rejeitam um direito à não existência e defendem a admissibilidade ou não das ações de vida indevida.
The follow investigation has as its object the denominated wrongful life and aims to determine the existence or not of a right not to be born, assessing the admissibility of lawsuits brought by the children born with serious disabilities and/or malformations who claim it, the wrongful life actions. This study intends to find out if and to what extend are the doctors responsible for these lifes, namely if their acting, disrespecting the legis artis, can constitute an unlawful act and be considered the cause of a birth under such conditions. We will delimit these actions distinguishing them from the wrongful conception actions or wrongful pregnancy and the wrongful birth actions, corresponding the three to wrongful actions with specific material and procedural characteristics that must be analyzed. Starting from a study focused on the personal rights, we will see how the institute of civil liability can be raised and, more specifically, medical civil liability, observing the various argumentation used by the doctrine here, which is contributing with the construction of different theoretical paradigms about the subject. We will consider real cases that still have place today in the national and international courts, and the decisions made by these, so that we can, with more certainty, analyze the thesis that admit or reject a right to non-existence and defend the admissibility or not of the wrongful life actions.
The follow investigation has as its object the denominated wrongful life and aims to determine the existence or not of a right not to be born, assessing the admissibility of lawsuits brought by the children born with serious disabilities and/or malformations who claim it, the wrongful life actions. This study intends to find out if and to what extend are the doctors responsible for these lifes, namely if their acting, disrespecting the legis artis, can constitute an unlawful act and be considered the cause of a birth under such conditions. We will delimit these actions distinguishing them from the wrongful conception actions or wrongful pregnancy and the wrongful birth actions, corresponding the three to wrongful actions with specific material and procedural characteristics that must be analyzed. Starting from a study focused on the personal rights, we will see how the institute of civil liability can be raised and, more specifically, medical civil liability, observing the various argumentation used by the doctrine here, which is contributing with the construction of different theoretical paradigms about the subject. We will consider real cases that still have place today in the national and international courts, and the decisions made by these, so that we can, with more certainty, analyze the thesis that admit or reject a right to non-existence and defend the admissibility or not of the wrongful life actions.
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Direitos de personalidade Dano Erro médico Responsabilidade civil médica Teses de mestrado - 2025 Personality rights Damages Medical error Medical civil liability