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A presente investigação tem por base o estudo e a reflexão acerca do crime de actos sexuais com adolescentes, previsto e punido pelo art. 173.º do Código Penal Português. O bem jurídico e a cláusula de abuso da inexperiência representam dois dos pontos mais complexos e controversos desta matéria, tanto na doutrina como na Jurisprudência.
Procedemos a um estudo das várias alterações operadas na incriminação e a respectiva evolução do pensamento legislativo. Analisamos a fundamentação do crime de actos sexuais com adolescentes à luz do bem jurídico protegido, a questão do acto sexual de relevo, da noção e a concretização do abuso da inexperiência do menor, assim como algumas decisões dos tribunais.
Chegamos à conclusão que existe aproveitamento ou exploração da inexperiência sexual do adolescente quando existe uma desigualdade entres os sujeitos ou uma sobreposição do sujeito mais forte de modo a quebrar a defesa da parte mais débil ao ponto de esta se render a actos sexuais de relevo, que em outras circunstâncias não teriam lugar. Ora, o adulto, para levar o menor a ter relações sexuais, usa a sua imaturidade psíquica, isto é, o facto de o menor não conseguir formular um juízo completo da conduta e das consequências da prática sexual.
O abuso (da inexperiência) pode, igualmente, ocorrer quando é o próprio adolescente quem instiga a prática de actos sexuais com o adulto.
This research is based on the study and reflection upon the crime of sexual acts with adolescents, referred to in article 173.º Portuguese Penal Code. The legal interest and the clause of abuse of inexperience represent two of the most complex and controversial points of this matter both in doctrine and Jurisprudence. We conducte a study of the evolution of this crime, both in the letter of the law and the ratio legis. We analyzed the reasons criminalization of sexual acts with adolescents in the light of the legal interest protected, the issue about the “relevant sexual act”, about the concept and concretization of “abuse of the sexual inexperience of the child”, as well as some case laws. We conclude that there is exploitation of the teenager's sexual inexperience when the adult , with the intent of convincing the teenager to have sex with him, uses the physiological immaturity of the latter, i.e., the fact that he cannot fully appreciate the nature and the and the consequences of sexual acts. When there is an inequality between the parties or an overlay of the stronger party in order to break the resistance of the weaker party to make him surrender to “relevant sexual acts, which in other circumstances would not happen. This abuse (of inexperience) can occur even when it's the teenager who promotes sexual acts with the adult.
This research is based on the study and reflection upon the crime of sexual acts with adolescents, referred to in article 173.º Portuguese Penal Code. The legal interest and the clause of abuse of inexperience represent two of the most complex and controversial points of this matter both in doctrine and Jurisprudence. We conducte a study of the evolution of this crime, both in the letter of the law and the ratio legis. We analyzed the reasons criminalization of sexual acts with adolescents in the light of the legal interest protected, the issue about the “relevant sexual act”, about the concept and concretization of “abuse of the sexual inexperience of the child”, as well as some case laws. We conclude that there is exploitation of the teenager's sexual inexperience when the adult , with the intent of convincing the teenager to have sex with him, uses the physiological immaturity of the latter, i.e., the fact that he cannot fully appreciate the nature and the and the consequences of sexual acts. When there is an inequality between the parties or an overlay of the stronger party in order to break the resistance of the weaker party to make him surrender to “relevant sexual acts, which in other circumstances would not happen. This abuse (of inexperience) can occur even when it's the teenager who promotes sexual acts with the adult.
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Direito penal Adolescentes Crime de estrupo Abuso de crianças Liberdade sexual Consentimento Teses de mestrado - 2015
