Glial plasticity in depression

Oliveira, João F.; Gomes, Catarina A.; Vaz, Sandra H.; Sousa, Nuno; Pinto, Luisa

http://hdl.handle.net/10451/49211

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Abstract(s)

Depression is a highly prevalent disorder that poses a significant social burden to society. Despite continued advances toward the understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease, its molecular/cellular underpinnings remain elusive, which may be at the basis of the lack of effective treatment strategies. Among the different lines of research, recent literature suggests that impaired neuron and glial plasticity may be a key underlying mechanism in the precipitation of the disorder. Surprisingly, glial cells appear to be involved both in the pathophysiology of major depression and in the action of antidepressants. In particular, several works refer to alterations in the morphology and numbers of astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes in the context of depression, in human patients, and animal models of depression. These observations are linked to functional evidences, such as impairments in the cross-talk between glia and neurons, changes in the level of neurotransmitter or immunoactive substances, myelination status, and synapse formation, maintenance or elimination.

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Copyright © 2016 Oliveira, Gomes, Vaz, Sousa and Pinto. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.