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Plantas e produtos vegetais no tratamento da alopécia: alopécia androgenética
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A alopécia androgenética, forma de alopécia mais comum no género feminino e masculino, consiste numa perda progressiva de cabelo e é classificada como um tipo de alopécia não cicatricial. Refere-se que é na etnia Caucasiana que a alopécia androgenética predomina, e a sua frequência aumenta com a idade. É caracterizada por alterações no ciclo do cabelo e ocorrer miniaturização do folículo, havendo conversão de cabelo terminal a velo, estando envolvidos factores genéticos, assim como a presença de androgénios, nomeadamente a testosterona e a DHT. Nas mulheres, o envolvimento dos androgénios não está totalmente esclarecido. A alopécia androgenética acarreta consequências psicossociais nos indivíduos afectados, podendo culminar em situações de ansiedade e depressão, dado o facto do cabelo, para além de incluir funções de protecção, é também visto como sucesso e beleza, e a sua perda muda a aparência da pessoa. Como terapêutica farmacológica, embora as medidas possam divergir em ambos os géneros, destacam-se o Minoxidil e a Finasterida, tendo associados alguns efeitos adversos. As plantas e produtos vegetais trazem, no geral, benefícios na saúde, estando associadas a menores efeitos adversos e custos. Algumas destacam-se na alopécia androgenética, devido aos seus fitoquímicos, podendo ser capazes de inibir a enzima 5α-R, DHT, aumentar a circulação sanguínea no couro cabeludo e ajudar como suplemento nutricional. Nesta monografia é abordado o folículo piloso em termos de morfogénese, estrutura e tipos, assim como o ciclo do cabelo. Descreve-se também a alopécia androgenética, nomeadamente a sua etiologia, apresentação clínica e classificação no homem e na mulher, epidemiologia, fisiopatologia, papel dos androgénios, factores genéticos e principais tratamentos farmacológicos. Por fim, descrevem-se plantas e produtos vegetais como Serenoa repens (Bartram) Small, Camellia sinensis L., Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., e a sua importância na alopécia androgenética, e posteriormente é também feita uma abordagem geral de outras com potencial no crescimento do cabelo.
Androgenetic alopecia, the most common form of alopecia implicated in the female and male gender, is a progressive hair loss and is classified as a type of non-cicatricial alopecia. It is referred that it is in Caucasian ethnicity that androgenetic alopecia predominates, and its frequency increases with age. It is characterized by changes in the hair cycle and follicular miniaturization, with conversion of terminal to velo hair, and genetic factors, as well as the presence of androgens are involved, namely testosterone and DHT. In women the involvement of androgens is not yet completely clarified. Androgenetic alopecia has psychosocial consequences in affected individuals and may even culminate in anxiety and depression, as the hair, in addition to including functions such as protection, is also seen as success and beauty, and your loss changes appearance person´s. As pharmacological therapy, although measures may differ in both genders, Minoxidil and Finasteride stand out, but have associated some adverse effects. Plants and plant products in general bring health benefits and are associated with lower adverse effects and costs. Some stand out in androgenetic alopecia, because due to their phytochemicals they may be able to inhibit 5α-R enzyme, DHT, increase blood circulation in the scalp and help as a nutritional supplement. In this monograph makes an approach to the hair follicle, in terms of morphogenesis, structure and types, as well as the hair cycle. Androgenetic alopecia is also described, namely its etiology, clinical presentation and classification in men and women, epidemiology, pathophysiology, role of androgens, genetic factors and main pharmacological treatments. Finally, plants and plant products are described as Serenoa repens (Bartram) Small, Camellia sinensis L., Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and their importance in androgenetic alopecia and later an approach of others also with potential in hair growth.
Androgenetic alopecia, the most common form of alopecia implicated in the female and male gender, is a progressive hair loss and is classified as a type of non-cicatricial alopecia. It is referred that it is in Caucasian ethnicity that androgenetic alopecia predominates, and its frequency increases with age. It is characterized by changes in the hair cycle and follicular miniaturization, with conversion of terminal to velo hair, and genetic factors, as well as the presence of androgens are involved, namely testosterone and DHT. In women the involvement of androgens is not yet completely clarified. Androgenetic alopecia has psychosocial consequences in affected individuals and may even culminate in anxiety and depression, as the hair, in addition to including functions such as protection, is also seen as success and beauty, and your loss changes appearance person´s. As pharmacological therapy, although measures may differ in both genders, Minoxidil and Finasteride stand out, but have associated some adverse effects. Plants and plant products in general bring health benefits and are associated with lower adverse effects and costs. Some stand out in androgenetic alopecia, because due to their phytochemicals they may be able to inhibit 5α-R enzyme, DHT, increase blood circulation in the scalp and help as a nutritional supplement. In this monograph makes an approach to the hair follicle, in terms of morphogenesis, structure and types, as well as the hair cycle. Androgenetic alopecia is also described, namely its etiology, clinical presentation and classification in men and women, epidemiology, pathophysiology, role of androgens, genetic factors and main pharmacological treatments. Finally, plants and plant products are described as Serenoa repens (Bartram) Small, Camellia sinensis L., Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and their importance in androgenetic alopecia and later an approach of others also with potential in hair growth.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2019
Palavras-chave
Alopécia androgenética Folículo piloso Fitoquímicos Plantas medicinais Mestrado Integrado - 2019