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Intervir no património "á vara larga"
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O presente Projeto Final de Mestrado assenta no desenvolvimento de uma proposta de reabilitação dos edifícios existentes no antigo Centro Educativo de Vila Fernando (com a proposição de 4 zonas de intervenção) e de qualificação e valorização do espaço rústico da Herdade da Colónia Agrícola Correcional, sito em Elvas, para o qual considerámos importante conservar e criar condições de visitação e estadia, através da construção de passadiços e de unidades de Glamping & Bungalows.
No Projeto, procurámos responder à questão: como reabilitar o património arquitetónico e qualificar o paisagístico, à luz de uma sociedade contemporânea, respeitando a identidade e a memória do lugar, mas dando-lhe, simultaneamente, uma nova leitura e novas funcionalidades? Para tal foi realizada uma análise do lugar, Vila Fernando, da Herdade e da Instituição que ali foi inaugurada em 1895, com particular destaque para as alterações ocorridas na sua denominação ao longo do tempo e a conjuntura histórica que levou ao seu encerramento, em 2008. Olhámos para o Projeto Geral das Edificações da autoria do Eng.º João Mendes Guerreiro, com a finalidade de obter uma adequada compreensão daquele complexo arquitetónico. Para além do enquadramento com instrumentos de gestão territorial em vigor e aplicáveis àquele território, a concretização deste exercício de projeto teve também por base a observação de um conjunto de obras de referência, com características similares, consideradas relevantes na contribuição de soluções já experimentadas com sucesso.
Os dois princípios orientadores do projeto são: 1 – conjugar o tradicional às exigências da contemporaneidade, quer procedendo à reconversão de edifícios para novos usos, quer propondo a construção de novos elementos, com recurso a materiais tradicionais e técnicas construtivas com terra, nomeadamente a taipa; 2 – acrescentar um potencial económico significativo à região (em completo alinhamento com a Estratégia Regional de Especialização Inteligente 2030 definida para o Alentejo), sem descurar o respeito pelo património arquitetónico e paisagístico enquanto pilares de solidariedade entre gerações em que deve assentar a sustentabilidade do desenvolvimento.
Procurámos, por um lado, valorizar a especificidade do lugar e evidenciar o ambiente rural da propriedade e, por outro, recuperar um complexo arquitetónico, composto por múltiplos edifícios de tipologias diversas e implantados segundo uma matriz urbana e com uma lógica de disposição/articulação funcional própria, reabilitando a maioria dos seus edifícios e demolindo outros, tendo em vista a sua futura utilização e dinamização e conferindo-lhe um forte carácter polifuncional – tornando todo o espaço da propriedade usufruível e agradável. Esta encontra-se inserida numa zona de baixa densidade populacional e construtiva, situada na extensa planície alentejana.
This Master’s Final Project is based on the development of a proposal for the rehabilitation of the existing buildings in the former Educational Centre of Vila Fernando, located in Elvas. The Project includes 4 intervention zones designed to foster the qualification and enhancement of the rustic space of Herdade da Colónia Agrícola Correcional. We also considered it important to preserve and create conditions for visitation and stay, through the construction of walkways and Glamping & Bungalows units. In the Project, we will try to answer the question: how to rehabilitate the architectural heritage and qualify the landscape, in the light of a contemporary society, respecting the identity and memory of place, but simultaneously giving it a new reading and new functionalities? To this end, an analysis was carried out of the place, Vila Fernando, of the Herdade da Colónia Agrícola Correcional and of the Institution that was inaugurated there in 1895, with particular emphasis on the changes that occurred in its name over time and the historical context that led to its closing in 2008. We looked at the General Project for Buildings by Eng.º João Mendes Guerreiro, with the aim of obtaining an adequate understanding of that architectural complex. In addition to the framework with territorial management instruments in force and applicable to that territory, the realization of this project exercise was also based on the observation of a set of reference works, with similar characteristics, considered relevant in the contribution of solutions already tried out with success. The two guiding principles of the project are: 1 – to combine the traditional with the demands of contemporary times, either by converting buildings to new uses or by proposing the construction of new elements, using traditional materials and construction techniques with earth, namely rammed earth; 2 – to add significant economic potential to the region (in full alignment with the 2030 Regional Smart Specialization Strategy defined for the Alentejo), without neglecting respect for the architectural and landscape heritage as pillars of solidarity between generations on which the sustainability of development must be based. The main aim is twofold: on the one hand, to enhance the specificity of the place and highlight the rural environment of the property and; and, on the other hand, to recover an architectural complex according to an urban matrix and with an layout logic/ functional articulation of its own. This entails rehabilitating most of its buildings, demolishing others, and build a new one, all in accordance with a new intended future use and dynamics and giving, that requires a strong multi-functional character. This will make the entire space of the property usable and pleasant. The property is located in an area of low population and construction density, located in the extensive Alentejo plain.
This Master’s Final Project is based on the development of a proposal for the rehabilitation of the existing buildings in the former Educational Centre of Vila Fernando, located in Elvas. The Project includes 4 intervention zones designed to foster the qualification and enhancement of the rustic space of Herdade da Colónia Agrícola Correcional. We also considered it important to preserve and create conditions for visitation and stay, through the construction of walkways and Glamping & Bungalows units. In the Project, we will try to answer the question: how to rehabilitate the architectural heritage and qualify the landscape, in the light of a contemporary society, respecting the identity and memory of place, but simultaneously giving it a new reading and new functionalities? To this end, an analysis was carried out of the place, Vila Fernando, of the Herdade da Colónia Agrícola Correcional and of the Institution that was inaugurated there in 1895, with particular emphasis on the changes that occurred in its name over time and the historical context that led to its closing in 2008. We looked at the General Project for Buildings by Eng.º João Mendes Guerreiro, with the aim of obtaining an adequate understanding of that architectural complex. In addition to the framework with territorial management instruments in force and applicable to that territory, the realization of this project exercise was also based on the observation of a set of reference works, with similar characteristics, considered relevant in the contribution of solutions already tried out with success. The two guiding principles of the project are: 1 – to combine the traditional with the demands of contemporary times, either by converting buildings to new uses or by proposing the construction of new elements, using traditional materials and construction techniques with earth, namely rammed earth; 2 – to add significant economic potential to the region (in full alignment with the 2030 Regional Smart Specialization Strategy defined for the Alentejo), without neglecting respect for the architectural and landscape heritage as pillars of solidarity between generations on which the sustainability of development must be based. The main aim is twofold: on the one hand, to enhance the specificity of the place and highlight the rural environment of the property and; and, on the other hand, to recover an architectural complex according to an urban matrix and with an layout logic/ functional articulation of its own. This entails rehabilitating most of its buildings, demolishing others, and build a new one, all in accordance with a new intended future use and dynamics and giving, that requires a strong multi-functional character. This will make the entire space of the property usable and pleasant. The property is located in an area of low population and construction density, located in the extensive Alentejo plain.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
património reabilitação sustentabilidade construção em terra Vila Fernando heritage rehabilitation sustainability earth construction
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Faculdade Arquitetura, Universidade Lisboa