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Leveraging blockchain technology as a tool in the food supply chain to combat food fraud: a systematic literature review
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This dissertation aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview of blockchain’s ability to
enhance traceability and transparency. It focuses on combating food fraud and identifying
the key barriers to its widespread adoption in the food supply chain. The review applies a
qualitative approach, utilizing a systematic literature review methodology to address two
research questions: “How can blockchain technology enhance transparency and traceability
in the food supply chain to combat food fraud?” and “What are the key barriers to adopting
blockchain technology in the food supply chain?". This SLR collected data from Web of
Science and Scopus, yielding 96 publications based on keywords such as "blockchain,"
"distributed ledger," "food fraud," "food supply chain," "transparency," and "traceability."
Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, along
with minimum quality assessment criteria, a final sample of 36 publications was included in
the review. Thematic analysis and the Technological-Organizational-Environmental
framework were employed to synthesize the data. The findings revealed that blockchain
technology, as a decentralized, immutable, and distributed ledger system, provides a better
traceability system and enhances transparency in the food supply chain compared to
traditional systems with centralized databases. They are often vulnerable to single points of
failure and information asymmetry due to centralized databases. Additionally, the review
identified 14 barriers to its widespread adoption, spanning technological, organizational, and
environmental dimensions.
Overall, blockchain technology can significantly increase supply chain transparency,
mitigating food fraud by facilitating better information flow among stakeholders. It enables
a more robust traceability system that goes beyond the current EU Reg. 178/2002 "one step
forward, one step backward" approach. As this review focuses on the state of the art of
blockchain technology in the food supply chain to combat food fraud, to the best of the
author's knowledge, it is one of the few studies that examine blockchain’s advancements in
this domain. The insights from this dissertation apply to other industries and can be harnessed
by researchers and industry stakeholders to develop a more efficient and resilient food supply
chain, as well as inform and elevate purchase decisions among consumers.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Blockchain Distributed Ledger Food Fraud Food Supply Chain Transparency Traceability
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Ngo, Diem Phuong Tran (2025). “Leveraging blockchain technology as a tool in the food supply chain to combat food fraud: a systematic literature review”. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão