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“Boas Práticas” nos cuidados formais a pessoas idosas: a perspetiva dos profissionais e das pessoas idosas
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O acelerado envelhecimento das sociedades e os desafios que acarreta, tornam as ERPI umas das principais respostas sociais em Portugal, no que respeita à prestação de cuidados às pessoas mais velhas. Importa, assim, aprofundar a qualidade destes serviços, identificando e analisando “Boas Práticas” nos cuidados formais. Esta pesquisa parte, assim, da questão: “Como é que as normativas relacionadas com as boas práticas na prestação de cuidados formais às pessoas idosas são efetivadas em contexto de estrutura residencial para pessoas idosas e como é que estas são perspetivadas pelos intervenientes?”.
Tendo como objetivo “analisar de que forma as normativas relacionadas com boas práticas na prestação de cuidados formais às pessoas idosas se refletem em contexto de estrutura residencial”, a investigação desenvolvida expectou analisar se estas normativas se espelham, e de que forma, na realidade institucional das estruturas residenciais para a população idosa.
Através de um estudo de caso, selecionou-se uma ERPI onde foi realizada observação participante e aplicados inquéritos realizados por entrevista ao diretor técnico, pessoas idosas e cuidadores formais. Quer a grelha que orientou a observação participante, quer a construção dos guiões de entrevista tiveram como base dimensões e indicadores extraídos do Manual de Boas Práticas do Instituto da Segurança Social.
O conjunto de resultados possibilitou realçar boas práticas: carinho no ato de cuidar, boa disposição das AAD, rácio de pessoal face as necessidades dos residentes, comunicação, promoção da autonomia na realização das atividades de vida diária, a ocupação e animação, a paciência, a disponibilidade, a atenção e o amor. Por outro lado, são ainda refletidos comportamentos desadequados e elaboradas sugestões de melhoria. A reflexão aqui concertada é sobretudo importante na ERPI estudada, mas com potencial de informar outras entidades prestadoras de cuidados aos mais velhos.
The accelerated aging of societies and the challenges it entails make nursing homes one of the main social responses in Portugal regarding the provision of care to older people. Thus, it is important to deepen the quality of these services, identifying and analyzing “Good Practices” in formal care. This research thus starts from the question: "How are the norms related to good practices in formal care delivery to the elderly implemented in the context of a residential structure for the elderly and how are they viewed by parties involved?". Aiming to “analyze how the norms related to good practices in formal care for the elderly are reflected in a residential structure context”, the research developed expected to analyze if these norms are mirrored, and in what way, in the institutional reality of residential structures for the elderly population. Through a case study, an nursing homes has been selected where participant observation was performed and surveys conducted by interview with the technical director, the elderly and formal caregivers. Both the grid that guided the participant observation and the construction of the interview guides have been based on dimensions and indicators extracted from the Social Security Institute Manual of Good Practice. The set of results made it possible to highlight good practices: tenderness in the act of caring, good mood of the caregivers, staff ratio in relation to the residents' needs, communication, promotion of autonomy in carrying out daily life activities, occupation and entertainment, patience, availability, attention and love. On the other hand, inappropriate behaviors are also reflected and suggestions for improvement are elaborated. The reflection agreed here is especially important in the studied ERPI, but with the potential to inform other caregivers to older people.
The accelerated aging of societies and the challenges it entails make nursing homes one of the main social responses in Portugal regarding the provision of care to older people. Thus, it is important to deepen the quality of these services, identifying and analyzing “Good Practices” in formal care. This research thus starts from the question: "How are the norms related to good practices in formal care delivery to the elderly implemented in the context of a residential structure for the elderly and how are they viewed by parties involved?". Aiming to “analyze how the norms related to good practices in formal care for the elderly are reflected in a residential structure context”, the research developed expected to analyze if these norms are mirrored, and in what way, in the institutional reality of residential structures for the elderly population. Through a case study, an nursing homes has been selected where participant observation was performed and surveys conducted by interview with the technical director, the elderly and formal caregivers. Both the grid that guided the participant observation and the construction of the interview guides have been based on dimensions and indicators extracted from the Social Security Institute Manual of Good Practice. The set of results made it possible to highlight good practices: tenderness in the act of caring, good mood of the caregivers, staff ratio in relation to the residents' needs, communication, promotion of autonomy in carrying out daily life activities, occupation and entertainment, patience, availability, attention and love. On the other hand, inappropriate behaviors are also reflected and suggestions for improvement are elaborated. The reflection agreed here is especially important in the studied ERPI, but with the potential to inform other caregivers to older people.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gerontologia Social
Palavras-chave
Cuidados formais Pessoa idosa Boas práticas Estruturas residenciais para as pessoas idosas Formal Care Elderly People Good Practices Residential Structures for Elderly
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas