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Resumo(s)
O 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP) é utilizado para a prevenção do escaldão superficial (ES) em
peras ‘Rocha’ sujeitas a armazenamento prolongado em atmosfera controlada, porém
bloqueia irreversivelmente a maturação do fruto, mesmo após a conservação quando seria
desejada. Neste contexto, procurou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito de diferentes
stresses na reversão do 1-MCP, monitorizando a capacidade de amadurecimento dos frutos
após a conservação e o aparecimento de acidentes fisiológicos nas diferentes modalidades
de conservação.
Peras ‘Rocha’, colhidas em três pomares distintos da zona do Oeste foram tratadas com 1-
MCP e armazenados em condições de atmosfera normal (AN) durante 40 dias seguindo-se
o armazenamento em condições de atmosfera controlada (𝑂! a 4 % e 𝐶𝑂! a 0,5 %) até ao
final do ensaio. Em janeiro foram submetidos a stresses de: a) temperatura, b) etileno e
temperatura, c) temperatura e dióxido de carbono, d) temperatura (4ºC), etileno e dióxido de
carbono, e) etileno, f) etileno e dióxido de carbono, durante 15 dias. Avaliaram-se em termos
físico-químicos (dureza, IR, cor, capacidade antioxidante, concentração de 𝛼 − 𝑓𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑜 e
trienos conjugados) os frutos no momento da saída do armazenamento e após 7 dias em
condições de prateleira, analisando visualmente a presença de desordens fisiológicas como
o acastanhamento interno e o escaldão superficial.
O stress induzido pela temperatura demonstrou-se determinante na reversão do efeito do 1-
MCP, tanto isoladamente como combinado com os restantes stresses, já estes por si só
demonstraram um comportamento igual às testemunhas não submetidas a nenhum stress,
indicando uma ausência de efeito na reversão.
O 1-MCP permitiu a manutenção dos parâmetros de qualidade e a prevenção total do ES
comparativamente com o regime de ultra low oxygen (ULO). Os stresses demonstraram
agravar a incidência de AI, mas com baixa severidade e sem diferenças significativas entre
as condições de stress, o que se reflete na ausência de diferenças significativas nos
percursores dos acidentes fisiológicos. O shelf-life de sete dias mostrou-se suficiente e
necessário para a reativação do metabolismo do fruto.
The 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) is used for the prevention of superficial scald (ES) in 'Rocha' pears subjected to prolonged storage in controlled atmosphere, but irreversibly blocks fruit ripening, even after conservation when it would be desired. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different stresses on the reversal of 1-MCP, monitoring the fruit ripening capacity after conservation and the appearance of physiological accidents in the different conservation modalities. ‘Rocha’ pears, harvested from three different orchards in the West zone were treated with 1- MCP and stored under normal atmosphere (NA) conditions for 40 days followed by storage under controlled atmosphere conditions (O_2 at 4 % and 〖CO〗_2 at 0.5 %) until the end of the trial. In January they were subjected to stresses of: a) temperature, b) ethylene and temperature, c) temperature and carbon dioxide, d) temperature (4°C), ethylene and carbon dioxide, e) ethylene, f) ethylene and carbon dioxide, for 15 days. The fruits were evaluated in physico-chemical terms (hardness, IR, colour, antioxidant capacity, concentration of α- farnesene and conjugated trienes) at the time of leaving storage and after 7 days under shelf conditions, visually analysing the presence of physiological disorders such as internal browning and superficial scald. The stress induced by temperature proved to be determinant in reversing the effect of 1- MCP, both isolatedly and combined with the other stresses, since these alone showed a behaviour equal to the witnesses not subjected to any stress, indicating an absence of effect in reversion. 1-MCP allowed the maintenance of quality parameters and the total prevention of ES compared to the ultra low oxygen (ULO) regime. Stresses were shown to aggravate the incidence of AI, but with low severity and no significant differences between stress conditions, reflected in the absence of significant differences in physiological accident precursors. The shelf-life of seven days proved to be sufficient and necessary for the reactivation of the fruit metabolism.
The 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) is used for the prevention of superficial scald (ES) in 'Rocha' pears subjected to prolonged storage in controlled atmosphere, but irreversibly blocks fruit ripening, even after conservation when it would be desired. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different stresses on the reversal of 1-MCP, monitoring the fruit ripening capacity after conservation and the appearance of physiological accidents in the different conservation modalities. ‘Rocha’ pears, harvested from three different orchards in the West zone were treated with 1- MCP and stored under normal atmosphere (NA) conditions for 40 days followed by storage under controlled atmosphere conditions (O_2 at 4 % and 〖CO〗_2 at 0.5 %) until the end of the trial. In January they were subjected to stresses of: a) temperature, b) ethylene and temperature, c) temperature and carbon dioxide, d) temperature (4°C), ethylene and carbon dioxide, e) ethylene, f) ethylene and carbon dioxide, for 15 days. The fruits were evaluated in physico-chemical terms (hardness, IR, colour, antioxidant capacity, concentration of α- farnesene and conjugated trienes) at the time of leaving storage and after 7 days under shelf conditions, visually analysing the presence of physiological disorders such as internal browning and superficial scald. The stress induced by temperature proved to be determinant in reversing the effect of 1- MCP, both isolatedly and combined with the other stresses, since these alone showed a behaviour equal to the witnesses not subjected to any stress, indicating an absence of effect in reversion. 1-MCP allowed the maintenance of quality parameters and the total prevention of ES compared to the ultra low oxygen (ULO) regime. Stresses were shown to aggravate the incidence of AI, but with low severity and no significant differences between stress conditions, reflected in the absence of significant differences in physiological accident precursors. The shelf-life of seven days proved to be sufficient and necessary for the reactivation of the fruit metabolism.
Descrição
Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica / Instituto Superior de Agronomia. Universidade de Lisboa
Palavras-chave
Pyrus communis L. 1-metilciclopropeno atmosfera controlada acastanhamento interno escaldão superficial 1-methylcyclopropene controlled atmosphere internal browning superficial scald
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Lopes, B.S. - Estratégias de reversão do efeito do 1-MCP em pera ‘Rocha’ durante o armazenamento, seu efeito na capacidade de amadurecimento após conservação e na ocorrência de acidentes fisiológicos. Lisboa: ISA-Universidade de Lisboa, 2022. Dissertação de Mestrado
Editora
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa
