Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A vĆ”lvula aórtica bicĆŗspide Ć© a malformação cardĆaca congĆ©nita mais prevalente, envolvendo nĆ£o só a vĆ”lvula mas tambĆ©m a própria artĆ©ria na sua porção ascendente e concavidade do arco. Pelas complicaƧƵes potencialmente fatais a que predispƵe, e que ocorrem numa idade mais jovem do que seria esperado, os doentes devem ser vigiados ao longo da sua vida desde que Ć© feito o diagnóstico. VĆ”rios estudos tĆŖm procurado esclarecer a sua fisiopatologia, propondo-se mecanismos genĆ©ticos, embriológicos e hemodinĆ¢micos, sendo a doenƧa provavelmente multifactorial. As guidelinesactuais recomendam a substituição profilĆ”tica da raiz aórtica e/ou porção ascendente da artĆ©ria se o diĆ¢metro desta exceder os 5,5 cm, ou segundo outros critĆ©rios se existirem factores de risco ou rĆ”pida dilatação da aorta. Contudo, estudos mais recentes sugerem que o risco de dissecção aórtica após substituição da vĆ”lvula Ć© menor que o julgado, sugerindo entĆ£o que se tome uma decisĆ£o caso a caso. Com este trabalho pretendo rever o tratamento cirĆŗrgico para esta patologia tendo em conta a substituição da vĆ”lvula aórtica e a cirurgia profilĆ”tica da aorta dilatada.
Bicuspid aortic valve is the most common congenital cardiac malformation, involving not only the valve itself but also the ascending aorta and its arch. Because it has a high rate of potentially fatal complications occurring at a younger age than expected, patients need life-long follow-up from the moment of diagnosis. Several studies have been trying to determine the pathophysiology of the disease, discussing genetic, embryological and hemodynamic mechanisms. Bicuspid aortic valve is more likely a multifactorial disease. Current guidelines recommend profilatic replacement of the aortic root and/or ascending aorta if its diameter exceeds 5,5cm, or according to other criteria if risk factors are present or there is high rate of aortic dilatation. However, recent studies have found that the risk for aortic dissection after valve replacement is lower than expected, suggesting making clinical decisions case by case.
Bicuspid aortic valve is the most common congenital cardiac malformation, involving not only the valve itself but also the ascending aorta and its arch. Because it has a high rate of potentially fatal complications occurring at a younger age than expected, patients need life-long follow-up from the moment of diagnosis. Several studies have been trying to determine the pathophysiology of the disease, discussing genetic, embryological and hemodynamic mechanisms. Bicuspid aortic valve is more likely a multifactorial disease. Current guidelines recommend profilatic replacement of the aortic root and/or ascending aorta if its diameter exceeds 5,5cm, or according to other criteria if risk factors are present or there is high rate of aortic dilatation. However, recent studies have found that the risk for aortic dissection after valve replacement is lower than expected, suggesting making clinical decisions case by case.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2016
Palavras-chave
VƔlvula mitral Cirurgia torƔcica
