A carregar...
Publicação
A inspeção escolar - entre o Estado novo e a democracia : representações, dinâmicas e estruturas organizacionais
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11.69 MB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A administração da educação em Portugal tem sido concretizada através de um
sistema centralizado e regulamentado, com raízes que assentam fortemente na
construção histórica do Estado e que se intensificaram durante o Estado Novo, pelas
características ideológicas e políticas do regime. Se considerarmos impensável, do
ponto de vista do poder político, que qualquer governo renuncie ao direito de
intervenção na educação, verificamos que esta sempre esteve sujeita a leis
regulamentares, cuja conformidade é controlada pelos serviços de Inspecção Escolar.
Na presente investigação reconstituímos parte da historia da Inspecção Escolar ao
nível do antigo Ensino Primário em Portugal, entre o Estado Novo e o período
subsequente ao 25 de Abril de 1974, ou seja, em duas épocas marcadamente distintas do
ponto de vista político.
A fim de melhor compreendermos a evolução histórica deste serviço de tutela que,
tanto ontem como hoje, tem gerido a conflitualidade difusa ao nível das representações,
atitudes, poderes, expectativas, afectos e desencantos dos parceiros educativos, optámos
por uma investigação qualitativa, com recurso aos contributos de diversos tipos de
fontes, designadamente a legislação, a imprensa pedagógica, as fontes de arquivo.
Tivemos também em conta o contributo das produções teóricas desenvolvidas, tanto no
contexto das teorias da administração e da política educativa como no campo do
desenvolvimento profissional dos inspectores, tendo em vista a clarificação do papel,
funções, organização e sistema de representações associados à actividade inspectiva,
bem como para a caracterização do perfil profissional e deontológico dos inspectores
deste nível de ensino na época em estudo.
Contudo, as memórias de inspectores foram a fonte privilegiada para a
reconstrução dos modelos de inspecção na passagem do Estado Novo para o período
pós 25 de Abril, que inaugurou, em Portugal, o modelo da Escola Democrática. A
análise dos testemunhos orais, desenhou novas fronteiras ao percorrer as memórias,
imagens e práticas de inspecção do Ensino Primário/Básico do 1º Ciclo, num exercício
de investigação acerca das representações que os depoentes construíram sobre as suas
práticas e o compromisso orgânico estabelecido com as políticas educativas
governamentais.
The administration in Portugal has been guided through a system centralized and strongly ruled, with influences that are highly based in the historical constmction of the state and that were more intensified during the ''New State", due to the ideological and political characteristics of the government regime. If we consider unthinkable, from the political point of view that any government renounces to the right of intervention in education, we can see that this intervention has been always submitted to strict laws, which conformity is controlled by the Scholar Inspection services. In the present investigation we rebuilt a part of the history of Scholar Inspection at the former Primary School level in Portugal, between the "New State" and the period after the 25th April 1974, this is, in two periods highly differentiated from the political point of view. Towards the best comprehension of the historical evolution of this governmental service that, as it did before and as it does today, has successfully been managing the diffused conflict at the level of representations, attitudes, power, expectations, affection and disenchantment of the educational partners, we opted for a qualitative investigation, with the resource to the contributes of several sources, like the legal diplomas, pedagogical press and archive sources. We had in concern the contribute of the theoretical productions released/written, as in the administration theories and educative policy, as well as, the professional development of the inspectorate, towards the clarification of the role, functions, organization and system of representations associated to the inspectorate activities, and to characterize the professional and deontological profile of the inspectors of this teaching level related to the considered time of the study. Even though, the memories of inspectors were the main source to the reconstruction of the models of inspection in the passage from the ''New State" to the period after the 25th April, that brought, in Portugal, a model of democratic school. The analyses of tiie oral testimonies, has drawn new frontiers going through the memories, images and practice of inspection in the Primary Level / 1st Cycle of studies, in an investigation exercise about the representations that the witnesses built about their practice and the institutional commitment established with the governmental educative policies.
The administration in Portugal has been guided through a system centralized and strongly ruled, with influences that are highly based in the historical constmction of the state and that were more intensified during the ''New State", due to the ideological and political characteristics of the government regime. If we consider unthinkable, from the political point of view that any government renounces to the right of intervention in education, we can see that this intervention has been always submitted to strict laws, which conformity is controlled by the Scholar Inspection services. In the present investigation we rebuilt a part of the history of Scholar Inspection at the former Primary School level in Portugal, between the "New State" and the period after the 25th April 1974, this is, in two periods highly differentiated from the political point of view. Towards the best comprehension of the historical evolution of this governmental service that, as it did before and as it does today, has successfully been managing the diffused conflict at the level of representations, attitudes, power, expectations, affection and disenchantment of the educational partners, we opted for a qualitative investigation, with the resource to the contributes of several sources, like the legal diplomas, pedagogical press and archive sources. We had in concern the contribute of the theoretical productions released/written, as in the administration theories and educative policy, as well as, the professional development of the inspectorate, towards the clarification of the role, functions, organization and system of representations associated to the inspectorate activities, and to characterize the professional and deontological profile of the inspectors of this teaching level related to the considered time of the study. Even though, the memories of inspectors were the main source to the reconstruction of the models of inspection in the passage from the ''New State" to the period after the 25th April, that brought, in Portugal, a model of democratic school. The analyses of tiie oral testimonies, has drawn new frontiers going through the memories, images and practice of inspection in the Primary Level / 1st Cycle of studies, in an investigation exercise about the representations that the witnesses built about their practice and the institutional commitment established with the governmental educative policies.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado em Educação (Administração e Organização Escolar), apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2004
Palavras-chave
Inspecção escolar Orientação escolar Autonomia escolar Teses de mestrado - 2004