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Vozes (in)visíveis : identidade e contextos de vida de adultos emergentes CODA
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Globalmente, cerca de 90% das pessoas com surdez audiológica que são pais têm filhos
ouvintes, aos quais é atribuído o acrónimo CODA (Children of Deaf Adults). A investigação
sobre a identidade CODA parece incorporar a ambiguidade inerente de ser culturalmente
Surdo, ainda que funcionalmente ouvinte, pelo que se reserva o termo “CODA” aos que não se
identificam, completamente, com nenhuma das identidades Surda e ouvinte. Dada a escassez
de literatura sobre a identidade CODA, o presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender se
e de que forma a experiência de crescer CODA influencia o desenvolvimento de identidade
dos mesmos na adultez emergente, mais especificamente, nos contextos individual, familiar,
escolar e sociocultural. Os participantes foram doze CODA com idades entre os 18 e 25 anos,
maioritariamente do género feminino (n = 10). Esta investigação utilizou uma abordagem
qualitativa em que os dados foram recolhidos através de uma entrevista semiestruturada e os
dados analisados com recurso à análise temática. Os temas identificados sugerem vantagens e
desafios da experiência bicultural em os CODA crescem, reconhecendo-se em termos de
bilinguismo bimodal. Apesar da perceção de resiliência e adaptabilidade familiar, verifica-se
uma tendência para a inversão de papéis aliada à parentificação dos CODA decorrente do papel
de intérprete entre a comunidade Surda e a sociedade ouvinte. As principais barreiras
identificadas entre estas duas culturas (perspetiva biomédica da surdez, comunicação e
discriminação) parecem perpetuar as limitações do acompanhamento parental de pais Surdos.
Ainda, a indissociabilidade da identidade CODA confirma-se na influência sobre a perceção
de personalidade e escolha vocacional. Se, por um lado, estas dimensões inerentes à
experiência CODA podem resultar na integração positiva da identidade e sentido pertença a
ambas as culturas, por outro, pode emergir um conflito de identidade com implicações na saúde
mental. Os resultados são discutidos à luz de modelos teóricos relevantes para compreender a
vivência dos CODA nos seus vários contextos de vida. Por fim, sugerem-se implicações do
presente estudo para investigações futuras e para a intervenção multissistémica.
Globally, about 90% of people with audiological deafness who are parents have hearing children, to whom the acronym CODA (Children of Deaf Adults) is attributed. Research on CODA’s identity seems to incorporate an inherent ambiguity of being culturally Deaf, though functionally hearing, so the term “CODA” is reserved for those who do not fully identify with neither Deaf nor hearing identities. Given the lack of literature on CODA’s identity, the present study aimed to understand if and how the experience of growing up CODA influences their identity development in emerging adulthood, more specifically, in individual, family, school and sociocultural contexts. There were twelve CODA participants aged between 18 and 25 years, mostly female (n = 10). This investigation used a qualitative approach in which data were collected through a semi-structured interview and the data analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes identified suggest advantages and challenges of the bicultural experience in which CODA’s grow, recognizing themselves in terms of bimodal bilingualism. Despite the perception of family resilience and adaptability, there is a tendency towards role reversal combined with the parentification of CODA arising from the role of interpreter between the Deaf Community and the hearing society. The main barriers identified between these two cultures (biomedical perspective of deafness, communication and discrimination) seem to perpetuate the limitations of parental support for Deaf parents. Furthermore, the inseparability of the CODA’s identity is confirmed by its influence on the perception of personality and vocational choice. If, on one hand, these dimensions inherent to the CODA experience can result in the positive integration of identity and a sense of belonging to both cultures, on the other hand, an identity conflict can emerge with implications for mental health. The results are discussed in the light of relevant theoretical models to understand the experience of CODA in their various life contexts. Finally, implications of the present study for future investigations and for multisystemic intervention are suggested.
Globally, about 90% of people with audiological deafness who are parents have hearing children, to whom the acronym CODA (Children of Deaf Adults) is attributed. Research on CODA’s identity seems to incorporate an inherent ambiguity of being culturally Deaf, though functionally hearing, so the term “CODA” is reserved for those who do not fully identify with neither Deaf nor hearing identities. Given the lack of literature on CODA’s identity, the present study aimed to understand if and how the experience of growing up CODA influences their identity development in emerging adulthood, more specifically, in individual, family, school and sociocultural contexts. There were twelve CODA participants aged between 18 and 25 years, mostly female (n = 10). This investigation used a qualitative approach in which data were collected through a semi-structured interview and the data analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes identified suggest advantages and challenges of the bicultural experience in which CODA’s grow, recognizing themselves in terms of bimodal bilingualism. Despite the perception of family resilience and adaptability, there is a tendency towards role reversal combined with the parentification of CODA arising from the role of interpreter between the Deaf Community and the hearing society. The main barriers identified between these two cultures (biomedical perspective of deafness, communication and discrimination) seem to perpetuate the limitations of parental support for Deaf parents. Furthermore, the inseparability of the CODA’s identity is confirmed by its influence on the perception of personality and vocational choice. If, on one hand, these dimensions inherent to the CODA experience can result in the positive integration of identity and a sense of belonging to both cultures, on the other hand, an identity conflict can emerge with implications for mental health. The results are discussed in the light of relevant theoretical models to understand the experience of CODA in their various life contexts. Finally, implications of the present study for future investigations and for multisystemic intervention are suggested.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica Sistémica - Contextos Familiar, Comunitário e Forense), 2022, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia
Palavras-chave
Surdos Filhos de pais surdos Bilinguismo Desenvolvimento biopsicossocial Dissertações de mestrado - 2022