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A experiência estética como abertura religada
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Emmanuel Levinas’ premise of ethics as transcendence of intentionality lays the foundation for a philosophical hypothesis, which we present in this paper, about the ethical and transcendent nature of the aesthetic experience of art. We begin by examining the central features of E. Levinas’ ethics and aesthetics, focusing on the philosopher’s seemingly ambiguous reasoning regarding the value and status of poetry, to which we propose a new reading and understanding through the notion of the poem as dialogue. We then proceed to a formal analysis of the aesthetic experience. This analysis, consisting of the identification and characterization of the object of the aesthetic experience, as well as its form, and of the various moments it entails – sensibility, fruition and restlessness –, is conducted through an active dialogue between authors such as Xavier Zubiri, Michel Henry, Maurice Blondel and Emmanuel Levinas, in whom we find a common disquiet which we also share: the dehumanism of the contemporary man, based on the radical desacralization of its life. In attempting to find a possible answer to this problem, we have elaborated an original thesis – a experiência estética como abertura religada –, based on the concepts of silence, sacrifice and significance, whereby we sustain that art constitutes one of the central elements of the restauration of the sacred. Consequently, we argue that the aesthetic experience is a form of actualization of the religated essence of man, based on significance, which lays a renewed path for the sacred, and therefore to the consecration of his condition as Son, from which derives the full constitution of his subjectivity
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Levinas, Emmanuel, 1906-1995 Estética Filosofia Sacrifício Sagrado Significância