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Experiências de casas-museu em Portugal e Brasil : vidas lugares e memórias
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Resumo(s)
A investigação incide sobre a teoria e a prática de projeto de casas-museu. A pesquisa é baseada nos estudos da arquitetura dos museus e da habitação, atrelada aos conceitos da poética do espaço, morfologia, percepção, bem como a relação entre a vida prática e a memória imaginativa. Assume-se que, como todas as outras instituições museológicas, esta tipologia de museu necessita imprimir, no ambiente expositivo, práticas que a levem a ser uma instituição de guarda do acervo e ensino. Percebemos, neste sentido, o grande desafio atribuído as casas-museu: transformar um edifício residencial, com seus objetos e memórias, em uma instituição museológica responsável por preservar, educar, comunicar, e outras ações intrínsecas à instituição. A questão de investigação surge da lacuna evidenciada nas pesquisas sobre casas-museu: como a arquitetura e a museografia influenciam na percepção de uma casa-museu, enquanto memória imaginativa? Nesta investigação, as relações entre forma e imagem, espaço expositivo, espaço habitado e sua interação com o público nas casas-museu, provocam uma reflexão sobre os conceitos vigentes na arquitetura das habitações e nos projetos de museografia. Compreendemos que o espaço é uma forma de linguagem que, em uma casa-museu, exerce papel fundamental na compreensão da vida íntima representada. Assume-se como hipótese inicial desta investigação que é possível identificar os elementos da arquitetura que, aliados à museografia, possibilitam a desejada memória imaginativa para uma casa-museu. Foram utilizados procedimentos metodológicos mistos, com instrumentos e técnicas de análises e interpretação que permitem compreensão ampla dos fenômenos, seu sentido e significação, num processo que envolveu várias etapas interativas e simultâneas. Para tanto, foram selecionadas quatro casas-museu como casos de estudo (Fundação Amália Rodrigues Casa-Museu, Fundação Medeiros e Almeida Casa-Museu, Fundação Ema Klabin Casa Museu e Casa Guilherme de Almeida), as quais foram investigadas tendo por base: Contexto (vida e lugar), Espaço e Forma (análise visual e morfológica), Uso e Percepção (entrevista com funcionários e visitantes). Os dados obtidos foram cruzados entre si, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de parâmetros confrontados com o estado da arte. As conclusões remontam à problemática estabelecida, sugerindo os meios para repensar a poética do espaço habitado e da memória imaginativa no processo de transformação de uma casa em uma casa-museu.
The research is focused on the theory and practice of design regarding historic house museums. It is based upon architectural studies on both museums and housing, tied to concepts regarding poetics of space, morphology, perception, as well as the relationship between practical life and imaginative memory. As a museum, the studied typology needs to imprint, within the exhibition environment, practices that lead it to be an institution of preservation and learning. In this sense, the main challenge perceived in house-museums is to transform a residential building, with its objects and memories, into a museological institution responsible for preserving, educating, communicating, and other intrinsic actions. The research question emerges from the gap perceived in historic house museums research: how do architecture and museography influence the perception of a historic house museum as imaginative memory? In this research, the relationships between form, image, exhibition spaces and housing spaces, as well as the public interaction with such aspects, cause reflective considerations about housing architecture and museography design. Thus, space can be considered a form of language, essential to the understanding of the intimate life there portrayed. The initial hypothesis is then to identify the architectural elements that, alongside museography, enable the communication of a given imaginative memory for a house-museum. The research has been developed with mixed methodological procedures, with tools and instruments of analysis and interpretation that allowed a broad understanding of the phenomena, their sense and meaning, through a process of interactive and simultaneous steps. To this extent, we have selected four historic house museums as case studies (Fundação Amália Rodrigues Casa-Museu, Fundação Medeiros e Almeida Casa-Museu, Fundação Ema Klabin Casa Museu e Casa Guilherme de Almeida), researched within a framework that encompasses: Context (life and place), Space and form (visual and morphological analysis), Use and Perception (interviews with working staff and visitors). The data gathered were cross analysed, allowing the development of parameters confronted with the revised state of the art. The conclusions rediscuss the problem initially stated, suggesting ways to rethink housing poetics and imaginative memory within the process that changes a house into a historic house museum.
The research is focused on the theory and practice of design regarding historic house museums. It is based upon architectural studies on both museums and housing, tied to concepts regarding poetics of space, morphology, perception, as well as the relationship between practical life and imaginative memory. As a museum, the studied typology needs to imprint, within the exhibition environment, practices that lead it to be an institution of preservation and learning. In this sense, the main challenge perceived in house-museums is to transform a residential building, with its objects and memories, into a museological institution responsible for preserving, educating, communicating, and other intrinsic actions. The research question emerges from the gap perceived in historic house museums research: how do architecture and museography influence the perception of a historic house museum as imaginative memory? In this research, the relationships between form, image, exhibition spaces and housing spaces, as well as the public interaction with such aspects, cause reflective considerations about housing architecture and museography design. Thus, space can be considered a form of language, essential to the understanding of the intimate life there portrayed. The initial hypothesis is then to identify the architectural elements that, alongside museography, enable the communication of a given imaginative memory for a house-museum. The research has been developed with mixed methodological procedures, with tools and instruments of analysis and interpretation that allowed a broad understanding of the phenomena, their sense and meaning, through a process of interactive and simultaneous steps. To this extent, we have selected four historic house museums as case studies (Fundação Amália Rodrigues Casa-Museu, Fundação Medeiros e Almeida Casa-Museu, Fundação Ema Klabin Casa Museu e Casa Guilherme de Almeida), researched within a framework that encompasses: Context (life and place), Space and form (visual and morphological analysis), Use and Perception (interviews with working staff and visitors). The data gathered were cross analysed, allowing the development of parameters confronted with the revised state of the art. The conclusions rediscuss the problem initially stated, suggesting ways to rethink housing poetics and imaginative memory within the process that changes a house into a historic house museum.
Descrição
Tese de doutoramento. Arquitetura (Teoria e Prática de Projeto). Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura. 2022
Palavras-chave
Casa-museu Arquitetura da habitação Memória Arquitetura de museus Museografia Historic house museum Housing Architecture Memory Museum Architecture Museography
Contexto Educativo
Citação
GAMELEIRA, Raissa de Albuquerque - Experiências de casas-museu em Portugal e Brasil : vidas lugares e memórias. - Lisboa : FA, 2022. - Tese de doutoramento
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura