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Development of a Monte Carlo Framework to Simulate 3D-Printed Plastics in Proton Therapy Beams
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Quality assurance procedures are extremely important to guarantee proper dose delivery during radiation treatments and 3D-printed phantoms have an important role, especially in proton therapy due to the
lack of commercially available options. Different printing parameters can be used to modify the radiological properties of tissue-equivalent 3D-printed plastics used in phantoms and, thus, more accurately mimic
the heterogeneities of human tissues. Radiation simulations can be used to faster investigate the impact of
such printing parameters. Therefore, this Master’s dissertation aimed to develop and validate a Monte Carlo
simulation environment that allowed for the accurate estimation of the radiological properties of 3D-printed
plastics with different 3D-printing parameters, namely printing direction, infill patterns and infill percentage.
Fourteen plastic slabs were 3D-printed using Fused Deposition Modeling and included two patternless slabs
and two slabs with 20%, 50% and 80% infill for both Full Honeycomb and Grid patterns, each set of two
slabs with one horizontally printed and one vertically printed. Single-shot Bragg peak measurements were
performed and a simulation environment recreating the experimental environment was created in the Monte
Carlo simulation software, GATE. Two geometry approaches for the 3D-printed slabs were investigated as
well as their respective materials. The research showed that GATE presents some limitations when generating volumetric geometries, however when simulating voxelised geometries no limitations nor incorrect
simulation outputs seem to be present. The mixed material of PLA and air was shown to better match the
patternless slabs contrary to 100% PLA. Horizontally printed simulated slabs presented a two-peak shape
curves which are due to a perfect alignment of the simulation setup, contrary to the experimental environment. A gap tune was needed for the vertically printed simulated slabs with Grid pattern. A maximum
R80/WET absolute difference to experimental measurements of 1.1 mm was found for vertically printed
slabs.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Engenharia Biomédica e Biofísica , 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
Simulações Monte Carlo Impressão 3D Terapia com Protões Teses de mestrado - 2024