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Fatores psicossociais associados a comportamentos autolesivos e a ideação suicida em adolescentes
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A adolescência é uma etapa de desenvolvimento que irá permitir ou não uma boa adaptação às exigências externas e uma gestão das necessidades internas.
O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar a importância relativa dos fatores psicossociais (de natureza individual, familiar e contextual) na associação aos comportamentos autolesivos e à ideação suicida em adolescentes do ensino secundário português. Desta forma, foi estudada uma amostra de 371 participantes de ambos os sexos, com idades entre os 14 e os 19 anos. Os dados foram recolhidos através do Questionário Psicossocial, elaborado para o presente estudo, e a versão portuguesa da checklist do Youth Self Report, um dos instrumentos da bateria ASEBA.
As conclusões deste estudo apontam como potenciais fatores de risco de comportamentos autolesivos e/ou ideação suicida na adolescência: o estilo educativo do pai ser não adequado, a existência de dificuldades financeiras, ser excluído do grupo de amigos, apresentar uma queixa/problema psicológico, ter uma doença física, e estar a passar por uma situação difícil na vida atual.
Salienta-se como potenciais fatores de proteção dos comportamentos autolesivos e/ou ideação suicida: a satisfação na escola, ter amigos, ter o apoio de um amigo próximo, a satisfação com a saúde e com o próprio.
Deste modo, estamos perante uma realidade em que variáveis internas pessoais e variáveis externas contextuais (e.g., a família e a escola que se apresentam como os dois contextos de vida mais relevantes para os jovens) são importantes na saúde mental na adolescência e com uma grande pertinência nesta temática da autolesão e ideação suicida.
Adolescence is a stage of development that will allow or not a good adaptation to external demands and a management of the internal needs. The present study aimed to investigate the relative importance of psychosocial factors (of an individual, family, and contextual nature) in the association with Deliberate Self-harm behaviors and suicidal ideation in Portuguese adolescents in high school. Thus, a sample of 371 participants of both sexes, aged between 14 and 19 years, was studied. The data were collected through the Psychosocial Questionnaire, prepared for the present study, and the Portuguese version of the Youth Self Report checklist, one of the ASEBA battery’s instruments. The conclusions of this study point as potential risk factors for deliberate self-harm behavior and/or suicidal ideation in adolescence the following ones: the father's educational style not being adequate, the existence of financial difficulties, being excluded from the group of friends, presenting a complaint/psychological problem, having a physical illness, and going through a difficult situation in the current life. It is highlighted as potential factors to protect deliberate self-harm behaviors and/or suicidal ideation the following ones: satisfaction in school, having friends, having the support of a close friend, satisfaction with one's own health and himself/herself. Thus, we are facing a reality in which personal internal variables and external contextual variables (e.g., the family and school that are presented as the two most relevant contexts of life for the young people) are important in mental health in adolescence and with a great pertinence in this issue of self-harm and suicidal ideation.
Adolescence is a stage of development that will allow or not a good adaptation to external demands and a management of the internal needs. The present study aimed to investigate the relative importance of psychosocial factors (of an individual, family, and contextual nature) in the association with Deliberate Self-harm behaviors and suicidal ideation in Portuguese adolescents in high school. Thus, a sample of 371 participants of both sexes, aged between 14 and 19 years, was studied. The data were collected through the Psychosocial Questionnaire, prepared for the present study, and the Portuguese version of the Youth Self Report checklist, one of the ASEBA battery’s instruments. The conclusions of this study point as potential risk factors for deliberate self-harm behavior and/or suicidal ideation in adolescence the following ones: the father's educational style not being adequate, the existence of financial difficulties, being excluded from the group of friends, presenting a complaint/psychological problem, having a physical illness, and going through a difficult situation in the current life. It is highlighted as potential factors to protect deliberate self-harm behaviors and/or suicidal ideation the following ones: satisfaction in school, having friends, having the support of a close friend, satisfaction with one's own health and himself/herself. Thus, we are facing a reality in which personal internal variables and external contextual variables (e.g., the family and school that are presented as the two most relevant contexts of life for the young people) are important in mental health in adolescence and with a great pertinence in this issue of self-harm and suicidal ideation.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicoterapia Cognitiva-Comportamental e Integrativa), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2018
Palavras-chave
Adolescentes Factores de risco Comportamento suicida Saúde mental Teses de mestrado - 2018