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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O Naturalismo português deve a sua origem a dois homens, Silva Porto (1850-1893) e
Marques de Oliveira (1853-1927), mas a consequente evolução deste movimento artístico tem por
base dezenas de artistas, sendo que muitas dessas figuras foram mulheres. Conhece-las no que
concerne à sua participação nas diversas exposições de arte dos finais do século XIX e inícios do
século XX foi o principal objetivo desta investigação, pelo que a análise dos catálogos das
exposições organizadas pela Sociedade Promotora das Belas Artes em Portugal, pelo Grupo do
Leão, pelo Grémio Artístico e pela Sociedade Nacional de Belas Artes, assim como das críticas e
comentários sobre a sua arte e sobre os certames onde participaram, publicados, entre 1879 e 1915,
na A Arte Musical, Brasil-Portugal, Diário Ilustrado, Illustação Portugueza, O Branco e Negro,
O Occidente e Tiro e Sport, foram o ponto de partida para este estudo e para a continuação do
debate sobre a arte no feminino.
O número de mulheres artistas revelou ser, substancialmente, maior do que o que
pensáramos no início dos estudos. E ainda que o percurso de cada uma tenha sido muito distinto,
mais persistente nuns casos, e mais fugaz noutros, a elaboração de um levantamento exaustivo dos
nomes destas participantes pareceu-nos da maior utilidade para a sua valorização. Tendo em
consideração o elevado número de artistas, optámos por realizar uma investigação mais meticulosa
sobre algumas delas, nomeadamente, sobre Helena Georgina Bachelay Gomes (1864-1930),
Emília Adelaide dos Santos Braga (1867-1949), Zoé Wauthelet Batalha Reis (1867-1949), Júlia
Labourdonnay Gonçalves Roque (1853-1932), Clotilde Feio Soares de Azevedo (1871-?) e Maria
Emília Arroja (1875-?), de modo a conhecermos o percurso de cada uma destas mulheres, bem
como as suas obras, recorrendo não só aos catálogos de exposições e às publicações da imprensa,
mas também às informações disponíveis nos sites de leiloeiras e galerias de arte, para que fosse
possível ampliar o conhecimento sobre cada uma das artistas mencionadas e sobre as suas obras.
Desta forma, pretendemos, com o nosso estudo, contribuir para conferir às mulheres artistas
associadas ao movimento Naturalista o lugar que lhes é devido na História da Arte portuguesa.
The origins of Portuguese naturalism are based on two pivotal figures, Silva Porto (1850- 1893) and Marques de Oliveira (1853-1927). However, the subsequent development of this artistic movement involved numerous artists, many of them were women. The main purpose of this research was to become acquainted with their participation in the various art exhibitions of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. To achieve the specified goal, we analyzed the exhibition catalogs of Sociedade Promotora das Belas Artes em Portugal, Grupo do Leão, Grémio Artístico, and Sociedade Nacional de Belas Artes, along with reviews and critical pieces published between 1879 and 1915 in periodicals such as A Arte Musical, Brasil-Portugal, Diário Ilustrado, Illustração Portugueza, O Branco e Negro, O Occidente, and Tiro e Sport. These sources provided the groundwork for this study and fostered ongoing discussions regarding women's contributions to art. Our findings unveiled that the number of women artists was significantly higher than initially anticipated. Although the path of these individual was markedly different, with some exhibiting greater persistence while others had more transient careers the compilation a list of these participants would be extremely useful in highlighting and recognizing their contributions. Given the vast number of artists, we decided to conduct a more in-depth investigation of specific individuals: Helena Georgina Bachelay Gomes (1864-1930), Emília Adelaide dos Santos Braga (1867-1949), Zoé Wauthelet Batalha Reis (1867-1949), Júlia Labourdonnay Gonçalves Roque (1853-1932), Clotilde Feio Soares de Azevedo (1871-?) and Maria Emília Arroja (1875-?). To learn about the careers and works of these women, we used not only exhibition catalogs and press publications but also auction houses and art gallery websites, so that we could contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of each artist's legacy and about their works. With this study, we intend to contribute to recognizing the rightful place of women artists associated with the Naturalist movement.
The origins of Portuguese naturalism are based on two pivotal figures, Silva Porto (1850- 1893) and Marques de Oliveira (1853-1927). However, the subsequent development of this artistic movement involved numerous artists, many of them were women. The main purpose of this research was to become acquainted with their participation in the various art exhibitions of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. To achieve the specified goal, we analyzed the exhibition catalogs of Sociedade Promotora das Belas Artes em Portugal, Grupo do Leão, Grémio Artístico, and Sociedade Nacional de Belas Artes, along with reviews and critical pieces published between 1879 and 1915 in periodicals such as A Arte Musical, Brasil-Portugal, Diário Ilustrado, Illustração Portugueza, O Branco e Negro, O Occidente, and Tiro e Sport. These sources provided the groundwork for this study and fostered ongoing discussions regarding women's contributions to art. Our findings unveiled that the number of women artists was significantly higher than initially anticipated. Although the path of these individual was markedly different, with some exhibiting greater persistence while others had more transient careers the compilation a list of these participants would be extremely useful in highlighting and recognizing their contributions. Given the vast number of artists, we decided to conduct a more in-depth investigation of specific individuals: Helena Georgina Bachelay Gomes (1864-1930), Emília Adelaide dos Santos Braga (1867-1949), Zoé Wauthelet Batalha Reis (1867-1949), Júlia Labourdonnay Gonçalves Roque (1853-1932), Clotilde Feio Soares de Azevedo (1871-?) and Maria Emília Arroja (1875-?). To learn about the careers and works of these women, we used not only exhibition catalogs and press publications but also auction houses and art gallery websites, so that we could contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of each artist's legacy and about their works. With this study, we intend to contribute to recognizing the rightful place of women artists associated with the Naturalist movement.
