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The dynamics of grooming interactions: maintenance of partner choice and the consequences of demographic variation for female mandrills
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A large body of evidence suggests that female Old World monkeys maintain selective
long-term grooming interactions with fitness benefits. The last two decades have
produced evidence that the regulation of social interactions among primates can be, in
part, explained by the Biological Markets theory, with grooming behaviour as the focus
of these studies. Grooming facilitates bonding between individuals, constituting an
essential part of the regulation of social relationships among female cercopithecids.
In contrast to the well-studied baboons (Papio spp), knowledge about the nature
of grooming interactions and their regulation is generally lacking for the large,
terrestrial species of mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx). We used a combination of social
network analysis tools and well-established methods for assessing partner diversity
and reciprocity to characterise grooming networks, partner choice and patterns of
trade (be groomed, give grooming) among females in a captive group of mandrills,
both within and across two separate observation periods. Our results suggest that,
even though the relatively stable conditions of captivity allowed the studied females to
maintain selective grooming interactions across time, small scale demographic changes
affected the grooming dynamics of the group in accordance with the expectations of
the Biological Markets theory. In particular, the maturation and consequent integration
of a high ranking female into the group’s grooming network from one period to the
next resulted in a more pronounced effect of rank on the regulation of grooming
interactions. In addition, the influence of the maturation of a dependent infant on
the grooming interactions of his mother were evident between periods. Our results also
demonstrate that grooming networks are dynamic and that high ranking individuals are
not necessarily the most central in grooming networks. Finally, we discuss the potential
of social network analysis to identify cases of social exclusion and its consequences for
captive management.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx), Social network analysis, Grooming partner choice, Grooming reciprocity, Female grooming interactions Animal Behavior, Anthropology, Zoology
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Pereira AS, Rebelo ID, Casanova C, Lee PC, Louca V. 2019. The dynamics of grooming interactions: maintenance of partner choice and the consequences of demographic variation for female mandrills. PeerJ 7:e6332 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6332