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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Esta dissertação
considera as questões fundamentais suscitadas
pelo nacionalismo e pelos
problemas étnicos na Transcaucásia Czarista e Soviética entre 1830 e 1991, que em última análise
poderão ter fomentado a queda do regime soviético nesta
região.
Procede
-
se
inicialmente a uma
análise histórica do Cáucaso até à sua anexação total pelas tropas russas no século XVIII com o
intuito de procurar a origem dos conflitos étnicos existentes nesta reg
ião um dia apelidada como
Jabal
al
-
sun
, as montanhas das línguas. Posteriormente a dissertação aborda a criação e
russificação do cáucaso czarista que antecede a sovietização da mesma região que também é
analisada numa perspectiva do estudo da relação entre as políticas operadas pelos soviétic
os na
região e o desencadear de sentimentos nacionalistas que conduziram à emancipação dos povos
não
-
russos cujo ímpeto poderá ter sido
talvez maior do que qualquer estratégia de subversão
deliberada ao regime soviético.
Por último o texto centra
-
se no bin
ómio existente entre a crise do
comunismo e o ressurgir do nacionalismo cujos conceitos
acresce
m
do quadro das já turbulentas
relações existentes entre
eles, pondo em causa a argumentação da
nomenklatura
soviética que
afirmava a erradicação dos conflitos e
ntre as muitas nacionalidades da URSS que se prova terem
sido apenas silenciadas durante 70 anos à custa do uso da força tendo posteriormente
reemergido à custa da redução das políticas de pressão operada durante a Perestroika, tendo um
papel preponderante
na formação dos
movimentos
populares nacionalistas e independentistas
emergentes.
This thesis seeks to address various fundamental questions raised by nationalistic and ethnical issues in the Tsarist and Soviet Tr anscaucasia between 1830 and 1991 that could have a decisive impact in the fall of the Soviet regime in this region. The text provides a historical analysis of the Caucasus region until the Russian conquest in the XVIII century, aiming to explore the origins of the ethnic conflicts in this region that used to be called jabal al - sun , the mountain of languages. Primarily t he thesis approaches the Tsarist state - building of the Caucasus that precedes the S oviet state building in the same region that is subsequently studied focusing on the relation among the S ov iet politics in this region and the triggering of the sense of nationalism that may have empowered the emancipation of the non - Russian peoples whose urges maybe have outstanded any other deliberated subversion strategy against the Soviet regime. The last s ection explores the binomial relation among the crisis of the com m unism and the re surgence of the nationalism whose concepts emerge in the frame of the turbulent relations between them, jeopardizing the S oviet nomenklatura’s reasoning of the ethnical confl ict’s elimination. That pr oves that those conflicts were not but silenced d uring 70 years by the usage of S oviet rep ression force since they sudden ly reemerge as soon as those repression measures were slightly slackened during the perestroika period, all c laiming an import ant role in arising the popular nationalism and independence movements.
This thesis seeks to address various fundamental questions raised by nationalistic and ethnical issues in the Tsarist and Soviet Tr anscaucasia between 1830 and 1991 that could have a decisive impact in the fall of the Soviet regime in this region. The text provides a historical analysis of the Caucasus region until the Russian conquest in the XVIII century, aiming to explore the origins of the ethnic conflicts in this region that used to be called jabal al - sun , the mountain of languages. Primarily t he thesis approaches the Tsarist state - building of the Caucasus that precedes the S oviet state building in the same region that is subsequently studied focusing on the relation among the S ov iet politics in this region and the triggering of the sense of nationalism that may have empowered the emancipation of the non - Russian peoples whose urges maybe have outstanded any other deliberated subversion strategy against the Soviet regime. The last s ection explores the binomial relation among the crisis of the com m unism and the re surgence of the nationalism whose concepts emerge in the frame of the turbulent relations between them, jeopardizing the S oviet nomenklatura’s reasoning of the ethnical confl ict’s elimination. That pr oves that those conflicts were not but silenced d uring 70 years by the usage of S oviet rep ression force since they sudden ly reemerge as soon as those repression measures were slightly slackened during the perestroika period, all c laiming an import ant role in arising the popular nationalism and independence movements.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Estratégia
Palavras-chave
Transcaucásia Russia Imperial União Soviética Arménia Geórgia Azerbaijão Nacionalismo Subversão do Estado Coflitos étnicos no Caucaso Russificação
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Politicas
