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Avaliação da actividade predadora da mosca tigre, Coenosia attenuata Stein (Diptera: Muscidae)
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Resumo(s)
Coenosia attenuata Stein, 1903 (Diptera: Muscidae), espécie pertencente ao grupo “tigrina”, é reconhecida por vários autores como predador polífago de importantes pragas agrícolas, tanto no estado larvar como no estado adulto. O trabalho consistiu em ensaios de laboratório para a avaliação da eficácia desta espécie como agente de luta biológica. Comparou-se a actividade predadora de machos e fêmeas (novas ou velhas, virgens ou que copularam) de C. attenuata, sobre Trialeurodes vaporariorum e Drosophila melanogaster. Na avaliação da taxa de predação de C. attenuata sobre T. vaporariorum, comparando as diferentes modalidades de fêmeas de C. attenuata, verificou-se que a maior taxa de predação ocorreu para fêmeas jovens e para fêmeas que copularam. No que se refere à comparação entre machos e fêmeas não se verificaram diferenças significativas. Em relação à predação sobre D. melanogaster, fêmeas jovens predaram mais presas, mas não se detectaram diferenças significativas entre fêmeas acasaladas e fêmeas virgens e entre fêmeas virgens jovens e machos em termos da predação que exerceram sobre esta presa. Estudou-se a avaliação da influência da presença de presas na oviposição de C. attenuata. Na presença de muco de Lumbricus terrestris o número de extensões do ovipositor e o número de ovos postos foram significativamente superiores aos da testemunha, e na presença de larvas de esciarídeos foram superiores à testemunha, mas sem significado estatístico. Colocando à disposição de uma fêmea de mosca tigre, em placa de Petri, muco de L. terrestris e substrato com larvas de esciarídeos, o número de extensões do ovipositor e o número de ovos postos na modalidade com muco foram superiores, em média, na metade da caixa de Petri com muco, com significado estatístico no caso do número de extensões e com tendência no caso do número de ovos postos.
Coenosia attenuata Stein, 1903 (Diptera: Muscidae), a species belonging to the “tigrina” group of the Coenosia genus, is recognized by many authors as a polifagous predator of important agricultural pests, both in larval and in adult stages. This study included laboratory tests to evaluate the species efficiency as a biological control agent. Predation rate of C. attenuata males and females (young or old, virgin or mated) on Trialeurodes vaporariorum and on Drosophila melanogaster was compared. Comparing the different types of C. attenuata femaleson Trialeurodes vaporariorum, it has been found that the higher predation rate occurred on young females. Regarding the copulation, predation rate was higher in mated females, and there were no significant differences comparing males and females. Regarding predation on D. melanogaster significant differences were found between young and old females, but there were no differences between mated and virgin females and between young virgin females and males. The influence of prey presence on C. attenuata oviposition was also studied. When Lumbricus terrestris mucus was present the number of extensions of ovipositor and eggs laid were significantly higher than in the control and the number of extensions of the ovipositor and the number of eggs laid in the presence of sciarid larvae were higher than in control modality, although in the last cases without statistical significance. Putting mucus of the earthworm L terrestris and substrate with sciarid larvae in each half of a Petri dish, the number of extensions of the ovipositor and the number of eggs laid by a tiger-fly female were higher in the half with mucus.
Coenosia attenuata Stein, 1903 (Diptera: Muscidae), a species belonging to the “tigrina” group of the Coenosia genus, is recognized by many authors as a polifagous predator of important agricultural pests, both in larval and in adult stages. This study included laboratory tests to evaluate the species efficiency as a biological control agent. Predation rate of C. attenuata males and females (young or old, virgin or mated) on Trialeurodes vaporariorum and on Drosophila melanogaster was compared. Comparing the different types of C. attenuata femaleson Trialeurodes vaporariorum, it has been found that the higher predation rate occurred on young females. Regarding the copulation, predation rate was higher in mated females, and there were no significant differences comparing males and females. Regarding predation on D. melanogaster significant differences were found between young and old females, but there were no differences between mated and virgin females and between young virgin females and males. The influence of prey presence on C. attenuata oviposition was also studied. When Lumbricus terrestris mucus was present the number of extensions of ovipositor and eggs laid were significantly higher than in the control and the number of extensions of the ovipositor and the number of eggs laid in the presence of sciarid larvae were higher than in control modality, although in the last cases without statistical significance. Putting mucus of the earthworm L terrestris and substrate with sciarid larvae in each half of a Petri dish, the number of extensions of the ovipositor and the number of eggs laid by a tiger-fly female were higher in the half with mucus.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado. Biologia (Ecologia e Gestão Ambiental). Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências,2011
Palavras-chave
Luta biológica Mosca tigre Pragas Estufas Teses de mestrado - 2011