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Employment level and business cycles : diferences between SME's and large firms' performance
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Resumo(s)
O nível de emprego e as suas flutuações são desde sempre um dos temas que maior debate suscita na literatura económica. Este estudo foca as diferenças na sensibilidade do nível de emprego ao ciclo económico existentes entre pequenas e médias empresas (PME’s) e grandes empresas na economia portuguesa. Qual o grupo de empresas que apresenta reduções mais significativas do número de trabalhadores em períodos recessivos? E em períodos de crescimento? Serão as PME’s com negócios mais frágeis ou as grandes empresas com mais trabalhadores? O debate sobre as respostas teóricas é intenso e encontra-se distante de um consenso. O estudo analisa quatro importantes sectores económicos - Construção, Comércio a Retalho, Serviços e Indústria entre 2000 e 2012. A base de dados é utilizada pela primeira vez na abordagem ao mercado de trabalho e é desenvolvida pelo Instituto Nacional de Estatística. No que respeita à economia portuguesa, para os setores estudados, as conclusões são claras, as grandes empresas apresentam maior sensibilidade ao ciclo económico, independentemente do sector de atividade, registando variações do nível de emprego mais significativas que as PME’s. Esta conclusão coloca em causa algumas ideias feitas sobre o contributo das PME’s para as variações de emprego abrindo a discussão sobre os factores determinantes destas diferenças na variação do nível de emprego entre PME’s e grandes empresas.
Employment level and its fluctuations are historically one of the most discussed topics in the economic literature. This study focuses on the differences in employment’s sensitivity to the business cycle existent between small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and large companies in the Portuguese economy. Which group of firms presents a more significant reduction in employment level during a recession? And during expansions? Are those SMEs with more fragile business or large firms with more employees? The theoretical discussion is still an open debate, being far from a consensus. The study analyses four major economic sectors - Construction, Retail Trade, Services and Industry between 2000 and 2012. The database is first used for this approach to the labor market and is developed by Statistics Portugal. Regarding the Portuguese economy for the sectors studied, the conclusions are clear, large firms are more sensitive to the economic cycle, regardless of the economic sector, recording more significant employment variations than SMEs. These conclusions call into question some well known ideas about SME’s contribution to the employment variations over the business cycle, opening the discussion on the determinants of these differences between SMEs and large companies’ performance.
Employment level and its fluctuations are historically one of the most discussed topics in the economic literature. This study focuses on the differences in employment’s sensitivity to the business cycle existent between small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and large companies in the Portuguese economy. Which group of firms presents a more significant reduction in employment level during a recession? And during expansions? Are those SMEs with more fragile business or large firms with more employees? The theoretical discussion is still an open debate, being far from a consensus. The study analyses four major economic sectors - Construction, Retail Trade, Services and Industry between 2000 and 2012. The database is first used for this approach to the labor market and is developed by Statistics Portugal. Regarding the Portuguese economy for the sectors studied, the conclusions are clear, large firms are more sensitive to the economic cycle, regardless of the economic sector, recording more significant employment variations than SMEs. These conclusions call into question some well known ideas about SME’s contribution to the employment variations over the business cycle, opening the discussion on the determinants of these differences between SMEs and large companies’ performance.
Descrição
Mestrado em Economia
Palavras-chave
Ciclo Económico Desemprego Economia Portuguesa Emprego Empresa PME's Business Cycle Employment Firm Portuguese Economy SMEs Unemployment
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Pereira, Bernardo Masteling (2014). "Employment level and business cycles : diferences between SME's and large firms' performance". Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão