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Apoptose como alvo terapêutico no cancro: nova abordagem baseada na aplicação de lectinas
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Desde sempre o cancro foi considerado uma das patologias mais severas, sendo uma das principais causas de morte a nível mundial. Os gastos anuais de saúde, quer ao nível de despesas hospitalares quer em medicamentos antineoplásicos, têm sido na ordem dos milhões, sendo que em Portugal atingiu quase 25% dos gastos totais do sector da saúde.
Actualmente, os tratamentos convencionais utilizados no combate ao cancro são a cirurgia, a radioterapia e a quimioterapia.
A quimioterapia em oncologia baseia-se na administração de medicamentos citostáticos e/ou citotóxicos com potencial para induzir a morte das células tumorais, induzindo danos no DNA ou bloqueando a divisão celular. Como tal, produz efeitos adversos extremamente debilitantes e desencorajantes para os doentes, podendo representar uma razão para a não adesão à terapêutica.
Nos últimos anos têm sido estudas terapias alternativas e/ou adjuvantes no tratamento das neoplasias com base em produtos de origem natural. Uma dessas alternativas, e que se tem mostrado promissora, é o uso das lectinas, pela sua capacidade de reconhecer sequências de hidratos de carbono específicas e características de cada célula e induzir a morte celular.
Este trabalho visa explorar as lectinas de origem vegetal com capacidade para reconhecer células tumorais e induzir a sua morte por apoptose.
Since always cancer was considered one of the most severe diseases, one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The annual health care spending, both in terms of hospital expenses either in antineoplastic drugs have been in the millions, and in Portugal reached almost 25% of the total health sector spending. Currently, conventional treatments used to combat cancer are surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy in oncology is based on the administration of cytostatic and/or cytotoxic agents with the potential to induce tumor cell death inducing DNA damage or blocking cell division. As such, it produces adverse effects extremely debilitating and discouraging for patients and may represent a reason for non-adherence to therapy. In recent years they have been studied alternative therapies and/or adjuvants in cancer treatment based on naturally occurring products. One such alternative, which has shown promise, is the use of lectins, for their ability to recognize specific sequences of carbohydrates of each cell and induce cell death. This study aims to explore the plant lectins with ability to recognize tumor cells and induce their death by apoptosis.
Since always cancer was considered one of the most severe diseases, one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The annual health care spending, both in terms of hospital expenses either in antineoplastic drugs have been in the millions, and in Portugal reached almost 25% of the total health sector spending. Currently, conventional treatments used to combat cancer are surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy in oncology is based on the administration of cytostatic and/or cytotoxic agents with the potential to induce tumor cell death inducing DNA damage or blocking cell division. As such, it produces adverse effects extremely debilitating and discouraging for patients and may represent a reason for non-adherence to therapy. In recent years they have been studied alternative therapies and/or adjuvants in cancer treatment based on naturally occurring products. One such alternative, which has shown promise, is the use of lectins, for their ability to recognize specific sequences of carbohydrates of each cell and induce cell death. This study aims to explore the plant lectins with ability to recognize tumor cells and induce their death by apoptosis.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2016
Palavras-chave
Cancro Glicoma Lectinas Apoptose Mestrado Integrado - 2016