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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A utilização de fertilizantes químicos na agricultura tem vindo a causar problemas ambientais no solo e nos ecossistemas, quando utilizados em excesso ou de forma inadequada, uma vez que só fornecem nutrientes sem uma preocupação com o aumento da matéria orgânica (MO) do solo e dos benefícios associados.
Os adubos organominerais surgem como uma alternativa sustentável à utilização de fertilizantes químicos, combinando componentes minerais e orgânicos, que podem ter origem na valorização de resíduos orgânicos, garantindo uma libertação mais controlada de nutrientes no solo e o seu enriquecimento em MO.
Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito fertilizante dos adubos organominerais, formulados a partir de lamas celulósicas e a sua comparação com adubos minerais, no desenvolvimento da cultura do milho. Foi delineado um ensaio experimental, em vaso, em condições controladas, realizado no Horto do Instituto Superior de Agronomia, utilizando um solo arenoso, recorrendo a diferentes modalidades de adubação de fundo e de cobertura. Na adubação de fundo, aplicou-se um adubo mineral 8-24-8 e um adubo organomineral 5,1-18-6, este último em duas doses: 100% e 80% da dose de referência. Para a adubação de cobertura, foram utilizados um adubo mineral 22-0-0 e um adubo organomineral 15-0-0, também com duas modalidade de aplicação da dose de referência: 100% e 80%. Realizaram-se medições para diversos parâmetros relacionados com o crescimento das plantas, propriedades do solo e teores nutricionais foliares.
Os resultados demonstraram que a aplicação mais reduzida de adubo organomineral 80%, em fundo apresenta valores mais baixos para os parâmetros morfológicos e para a biomassa, o que indica que as plantas, com a redução da adubação organomineral, não utilizam os recursos da forma mais eficiente. Observou-se que as modalidades de adubação organomineral tiveram um impacto mais significativo na fertilidade e estrutura do solo do que as modalidades de adubação mineral, promovendo uma maior estabilidade dos agregados, melhorando a circulação de ar e a capacidade de retenção de água. Essa adubação organomineral, que também leva a um aumento de teores foliares de nutrientes, destacando a maior eficácia na aplicação de adubo organomineral, face ao mineral, principalmente no que diz respeito ao pH, matéria orgânica e condutividade elétrica, do solo.
The use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture has been causing environmental problems in the soil and ecosystems when used excessively or inappropriately, as they only provide nutrients without concern for increasing soil organic matter (OM) and the associated benefits. Organomineral fertilizers have emerged as a sustainable alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers, combining mineral and organic components, which can originate from the recovery of organic waste, ensuring a more controlled release of nutrients into the soil and their enrichment in OM. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fertilizing effect of organo-mineral fertilizers formulated from cellulose sludge and compare them with mineral fertilizers on the development of the corn crop. An experimental pot trial was set up under controlled conditions at the Instituto Superior de Agronomia's vegetable garden, using a sandy soil and diferente types of basal and top dressing. For the basal fertilization, an 8-24-8 mineral fertilizer and a 5.1-18-6 organo-mineral fertilizer were applied, the latter in two doses: 100% and 80% of the reference dose. For top dressing, 22-0-0 mineral fertilizer and 15-0-0 organo-mineral fertilizer were used, also in two doses: 100% and 80% of the reference dose. Measurements were taken of various parameters related to plant growth, soil properties and leaf nutrient levels. The results showed that the lower application of 80% organo-mineral fertilizer in the background had lower values for morphological parameters and biomass, which indicates that the plants, with reduced organo-mineral fertilization, did not use the resources in the most efficient way. It was observed that the organo-mineral fertilization methods had a more significant impact on the fertility and structure of the soil than the mineral fertilizer methods, promoting greater stability of the aggregates, improving air circulation and water retention capacity. This organo-mineral fertilization also leads to an increase in leaf nutrient levels, highlighting the greater efficiency of the application of organo-mineral fertilizer compared to mineral fertilizer, especially with regard to pH, organic matter and electrical conductivity, of the soil.
The use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture has been causing environmental problems in the soil and ecosystems when used excessively or inappropriately, as they only provide nutrients without concern for increasing soil organic matter (OM) and the associated benefits. Organomineral fertilizers have emerged as a sustainable alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers, combining mineral and organic components, which can originate from the recovery of organic waste, ensuring a more controlled release of nutrients into the soil and their enrichment in OM. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fertilizing effect of organo-mineral fertilizers formulated from cellulose sludge and compare them with mineral fertilizers on the development of the corn crop. An experimental pot trial was set up under controlled conditions at the Instituto Superior de Agronomia's vegetable garden, using a sandy soil and diferente types of basal and top dressing. For the basal fertilization, an 8-24-8 mineral fertilizer and a 5.1-18-6 organo-mineral fertilizer were applied, the latter in two doses: 100% and 80% of the reference dose. For top dressing, 22-0-0 mineral fertilizer and 15-0-0 organo-mineral fertilizer were used, also in two doses: 100% and 80% of the reference dose. Measurements were taken of various parameters related to plant growth, soil properties and leaf nutrient levels. The results showed that the lower application of 80% organo-mineral fertilizer in the background had lower values for morphological parameters and biomass, which indicates that the plants, with reduced organo-mineral fertilization, did not use the resources in the most efficient way. It was observed that the organo-mineral fertilization methods had a more significant impact on the fertility and structure of the soil than the mineral fertilizer methods, promoting greater stability of the aggregates, improving air circulation and water retention capacity. This organo-mineral fertilization also leads to an increase in leaf nutrient levels, highlighting the greater efficiency of the application of organo-mineral fertilizer compared to mineral fertilizer, especially with regard to pH, organic matter and electrical conductivity, of the soil.
Description
Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica / Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa
Keywords
adubação adubo organomineral adubo mineral lamas celulósicas milho fertilization organomineral fertilizer mineral fertilizer cellulosic sludge maize
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Veríssimo, A.F.V.B. Avaliação do efeito fertilizante de adubos organominerais, formulados a partir de lamas celulósicas no desenvolvimento da cultura do milho (Zea mays). Lisboa: ISA, 2024, 81 p. Dissertação de Mestrado
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa