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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
De acordo com a teoria do crescimento endógeno, o crescimento económico tem origem em fatores internos às economias. Segundo os teóricos, um crescimento económico sustentado de longo prazo seria potenciado pela melhoria de certos fatores, como a inovação, o capital humano e a diversificação produtiva. Entre 2002 e 2014, a subida acentuada dos preços das Commodities proporcionou a países como o Brasil e o Chile um período de grande prosperidade económica – uma oportunidade para melhorar condições de crescimento. No fim do período, apesar das melhorias dos indicadores representativos da inovação e do capital humano, a diversificação produtiva viu retrocessos. A dependência nas Commodities aumentou e a evolução dos preços destes bens replicou-se nas taxas de crescimento. Isto evidencia que a oportunidade não foi aproveitada na ótica da teoria do crescimento endógeno e que o poder explicativo da teoria se vê questionado pela preponderância de fatores exógenos.
According to the endogenous growth theory, economic growth originates from factors internal to economies. According to the theorists, long-term sustained economic growth would be enhanced by the improvement of certain factors, such as innovation, human capital and productive diversification. Between 2002 and 2014, the sharp rise in Commodity prices provided countries like Brazil and Chile with a period of great economic prosperity – an opportunity to improve growth conditions. At the end of the period, despite improvements in the indicators representing innovation and human capital, productive diversification saw setbacks. Dependence on Commodities increased and the evolution of the prices of these goods was replicated in growth rates. This shows that the opportunity was not seized from the perspective of the endogenous growth theory and that the explanatory power of the theory is questioned by the preponderance of exogenous factors.
According to the endogenous growth theory, economic growth originates from factors internal to economies. According to the theorists, long-term sustained economic growth would be enhanced by the improvement of certain factors, such as innovation, human capital and productive diversification. Between 2002 and 2014, the sharp rise in Commodity prices provided countries like Brazil and Chile with a period of great economic prosperity – an opportunity to improve growth conditions. At the end of the period, despite improvements in the indicators representing innovation and human capital, productive diversification saw setbacks. Dependence on Commodities increased and the evolution of the prices of these goods was replicated in growth rates. This shows that the opportunity was not seized from the perspective of the endogenous growth theory and that the explanatory power of the theory is questioned by the preponderance of exogenous factors.
Descrição
Mestrado Bolonha em Economia Internacional e Estudos Europeus
Palavras-chave
Teoria do Crescimento Endógeno Crescimento Económico Commodities América Latina Política Económica Endogenous Growth Theory Economic Growth Latin America Economic Policy
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Vilão, Nuno Miguel de Matos Biscaia (2021). "O boom das commodities no Brasil e no Chile à luz da teoria do crescimento endógeno : uma oportunidade perdida?". Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão
