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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação divide-se em dois blocos. Na primeira parte, sugere-se que a compreensão
do papel do conhecimento nas actividades económicas - cuja centralidade se revela
crescente - tem de passar pelo reconhecimento da diversidade e da complementaridade de
objectos, formas e sujeitos desse conhecimento. Isto implica compreender, nomeadamente,
que a importância do conhecimento nas economias extravasa largamente o domínio das
contribuições dos avanços no conhecimento científico e tecnológico para os aumentos de
produtividade. Implica também reconhecer a relevância das estruturas institucionais, das
formas organizacionais e das estratégias dos agentes, no processo que conduz à interacção,
integração e criação de vários objectos de conhecimento nas actividades produtivas. A
consideração das diferentes formas e sujeitos de conhecimento revela distinções cruciais
nas características económicas dos vários tipos de conhecimento, as quais não podem ser
ignoradas num análise de âmbito económico.
Na segunda parte, analisa-se o tratamento dado no domínio da teoria económica ao papel
desempenhado pelo conhecimento nas actividades económicas. A análise restringe-se a
duas tradições teóricas. Em primeiro lugar, aborda-se a teoria neoclássica em várias das
suas escolas, onde conhecimento e informação tendem a ser tratados, implícita ou
explicitamente, como sinónimos. Em segundo lugar, discute-se a abordagem evolucionista
(em particular, na vertente 'neo-schumpeteriana'), onde é dado um especial realce às
diferenças na base de conhecimentos como elemento de diversidade entre agentes. Ambas
as teorias são avaliadas quanto à capacidade de integrar nas suas análises as características
do conhecimento identificadas na primeira parte da dissertação.
The present dissertation is divided in two parts. In the fírst part, we argue that to understand the increasing role of knowledge in the economic life one must take into account the diversity and complementary of the objects, forms and subjects of that knowledge. One implication of this is the recognition that it is not only the scientifíc and technological knowledge that matter for increases in productivity. Furthermore, one has to consider the relevance of institutional frameworks, organisational forms, and the strategies of economic agents, in the process which leads to the interaction, integration and generation of different objects of knowledge within the economic activities. The acknowledgement of differences in the forms and subjects of knowledge reveals crucial distinctive economic characteristics of different types of knowledge, which cannot be ignored in an economic analysis. In the second part, we analyse the way economic theory treats the role of knowledge in economic activities. We limit the scope of analysis to two theoretical traditions. Firstly, we discuss neoclassic theory (in several of its branches) where knowledge and information are considered has equivalent. Secondly, we analyse the evolutionary approach (particularly, the neo-Schumpeterian school), where a special emphasis is put on the different knowledge basis has a source of diversity among agents. Both theories are evaluated in their capacity to integrate in their explanations the characteristics of knowledge, which were identifíed in the first part of the dissertation.
The present dissertation is divided in two parts. In the fírst part, we argue that to understand the increasing role of knowledge in the economic life one must take into account the diversity and complementary of the objects, forms and subjects of that knowledge. One implication of this is the recognition that it is not only the scientifíc and technological knowledge that matter for increases in productivity. Furthermore, one has to consider the relevance of institutional frameworks, organisational forms, and the strategies of economic agents, in the process which leads to the interaction, integration and generation of different objects of knowledge within the economic activities. The acknowledgement of differences in the forms and subjects of knowledge reveals crucial distinctive economic characteristics of different types of knowledge, which cannot be ignored in an economic analysis. In the second part, we analyse the way economic theory treats the role of knowledge in economic activities. We limit the scope of analysis to two theoretical traditions. Firstly, we discuss neoclassic theory (in several of its branches) where knowledge and information are considered has equivalent. Secondly, we analyse the evolutionary approach (particularly, the neo-Schumpeterian school), where a special emphasis is put on the different knowledge basis has a source of diversity among agents. Both theories are evaluated in their capacity to integrate in their explanations the characteristics of knowledge, which were identifíed in the first part of the dissertation.
Description
Mestrado em Economia e Gestão de Ciência e Tecnologia
Keywords
Economias Baseadas no Conhecimento Conhecimento Tácito Aprendizagem Economia da Informação Economia do Conhecimento Economia Evolucionista Knowledge-based Economy Tacit Knowledge Leaming Economics of Information Economics of Knowledge Evolutionary Economics
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Mamede, Ricardo Nuno Ferreira Pais (1999). “O conhecimento nas economias e na teoria económica”. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão