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Estudos de biocompatibilidade de resinas acrílicas de impressão em 3D incorporadas com clorexidina
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Objetivo: Avaliação da citotoxicidade de uma resina acrílica de impressão 3D para base de prótese removível incorporada com clorexidina, através de ensaios de viabilidade celular.
Materiais e métodos: Foram produzidos espécimes em forma de disco 10 x 2 mm de resina acrílica para base de prótese removível fabricada por impressão 3D, Denture 3D Nextdent®, ao qual foram adicionados 2,5% de clorexidina. O controlo foi constituído por espécimes sem clorexidina. A viabilidade celular de fibroblastos de murganho L929 foi avaliada através de 3 metodologias: testes com extratáveis dos espécimes obtidos durante 72 horas, de contato direto e de proliferação celular. A viabilidade celular foi calculada através do ensaio colorimétrico de redução do MTT (3-(4,5-dimetil-2-tiazolil)-2,5-difenil-2H-tetrazólio brometo), num comprimento de onda de 570 nm.
Resultados: Os resultados mostraram uma diminuição de viabilidade celular após a exposição a extratáveis dos espécimes durante 72 horas, com um pico entre as 24 e 48 horas, tendo sido mais acentuada nos espécimes do grupo experimental, mesmo após diluição. No contato direto dos espécimes, a viabilidade celular foi inferior a 40% no grupo controlo e abaixo de 10% no grupo experimental. Os ensaios de proliferação celular indicaram uma redução significativa na viabilidade dos fibroblastos no grupo experimental comparado ao controlo, sugerindo efeitos citotóxicos prolongados.
Conclusão: Os resultados destacam a necessidade de equilibrar a eficácia antimicrobiana e a biocompatibilidade na formulação de materiais dentários. A citotoxicidade da clorexidina, mesmo em baixas concentrações, sugere que a diluição dos extratáveis é insuficiente para mitigar os efeitos nocivos. A literatura existente confirma que a clorexidina, eficaz como agente antimicrobiano, apresenta um risco de citotoxicidade, especialmente quando incorporada em materiais de uso prolongado. Esses resultados sugerem a importância de desenvolver sistemas de libertação controlada e explorar alternativas antimicrobianas para maximizar a biocompatibilidade. Futuros estudos devem considerar diferentes concentrações de clorexidina, diferentes linhagens celulares, a avaliação de modelos animais e/ou ensaios clínicos e outros agentes antimicrobianos para validar os resultados in vitro.
Objective: To evaluate the cytotoxicity of a 3D-printed acrylic resin for removable prosthesis bases incorporated with chlorhexidine using cell viability tests. Materials and methods: 10 x 2 mm disk-shaped specimens of Denture 3D Nextdent®, an acrylic resin for removable prosthesis bases manufactured by 3D printing, were produced, to which 2.5% chlorhexidine was added. The control was made up of specimens without chlorhexidine. The cell viability of L929 mice fibroblasts was assessed using 3 methodologies: tests with extracts from specimens obtained during 72 hours, direct contact and cell proliferation. Cell viability was calculated using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5- diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) reduction colorimetric assay at a wavelength of 570 nm. Results: The results showed a decrease in cell viability after exposure to extractables from the specimens for 72 hours, with a peak between 24 and 48 hours, and it was more pronounced in the specimens from the experimental group, even after dilution. In direct contact with the specimens, cell viability was less than 40% in the control group and less than 10% in the experimental group. Cell proliferation assays indicated a significant reduction in fibroblast viability in the experimental group compared to the control, suggesting prolonged cytotoxic effects. Conclusion: The results highlight the need to balance antimicrobial efficacy and biocompatibility in the formulation of dental materials. The cytotoxicity of chlorhexidine, even at low concentrations, suggests that dilution of extractables is insufficient to mitigate harmful effects. The existing literature confirms that chlorhexidine, effective as an antimicrobial agent, presents a risk of cytotoxicity, especially when incorporated into materials for prolonged use. These results suggest the importance of developing controlled release systems and exploring antimicrobial alternatives to maximize biocompatibility. Future studies should consider different chlorhexidine concentrations, different cell lines, the evaluation of animal models and/or clinical trials and other antimicrobial agents to validate the in vitro results.
Objective: To evaluate the cytotoxicity of a 3D-printed acrylic resin for removable prosthesis bases incorporated with chlorhexidine using cell viability tests. Materials and methods: 10 x 2 mm disk-shaped specimens of Denture 3D Nextdent®, an acrylic resin for removable prosthesis bases manufactured by 3D printing, were produced, to which 2.5% chlorhexidine was added. The control was made up of specimens without chlorhexidine. The cell viability of L929 mice fibroblasts was assessed using 3 methodologies: tests with extracts from specimens obtained during 72 hours, direct contact and cell proliferation. Cell viability was calculated using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5- diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) reduction colorimetric assay at a wavelength of 570 nm. Results: The results showed a decrease in cell viability after exposure to extractables from the specimens for 72 hours, with a peak between 24 and 48 hours, and it was more pronounced in the specimens from the experimental group, even after dilution. In direct contact with the specimens, cell viability was less than 40% in the control group and less than 10% in the experimental group. Cell proliferation assays indicated a significant reduction in fibroblast viability in the experimental group compared to the control, suggesting prolonged cytotoxic effects. Conclusion: The results highlight the need to balance antimicrobial efficacy and biocompatibility in the formulation of dental materials. The cytotoxicity of chlorhexidine, even at low concentrations, suggests that dilution of extractables is insufficient to mitigate harmful effects. The existing literature confirms that chlorhexidine, effective as an antimicrobial agent, presents a risk of cytotoxicity, especially when incorporated into materials for prolonged use. These results suggest the importance of developing controlled release systems and exploring antimicrobial alternatives to maximize biocompatibility. Future studies should consider different chlorhexidine concentrations, different cell lines, the evaluation of animal models and/or clinical trials and other antimicrobial agents to validate the in vitro results.
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Teses de mestrado - 2024 Saúde Oral