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As dinâmicas de poder na sucessão de liurais: etnografia e história de famílias no reino de Luca (Timor-Leste)
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O presente estudo propõe investigar as dinâmicas de poder ligadas à projecção temporal da
autoridade dos liurais (expressão Tétum para ‘senhor territorial’) e suas linhagens em Timor Leste, entrecruzando Antropologia e História. A tese centra-se em trabalho de campo, em
pesquisa documental e em entrevistas com descendentes de liurais do ‘Reino de Luca’,
localizado no leste da ilha de Timor. Durante o longo período da colonização portuguesa, este
reino teve uma actuação importante na relação com a administração colonial. Antes e durante
esse período, Luca distinguiu-se como centro simbólico paralelo (ou até alternativo) quer
relativamente a Wehali – um grande reino localizado actualmente na parte Indonésia da ilha -
quer mesmo ao governo do Estado colonial. Durante o período da ocupação indonésia, os
descendentes desse mesmo reino tiveram um papel significativo na resistência e na conquista
da independência de Timor-Leste. No período pós-independência, ganharam protagonismo na
construção do Estado-Nação.
A investigação propõe conhecer os processos de continuidade e transformação da
autoridade dos descendentes de liurais de Luca, focando com maior incidência as últimas
décadas do período colonial português e a actualidade, combinando narrativas biográficas com
observação de terreno e com trabalho de arquivo orientado pelos temas que relevam das
narrativas biográficas. A análise parte de um aprofundamento das complexas redes de
parentesco timorense que a abordagem antropológica viabiliza. O trabalho de campo orientou
a investigação para a análise da biografia política destes interlocutores e das suas interacções
com outros líderes timorenses. Estas interacções foram aprofundadas recorrendo a entrevistas,
documentos publicados, documentação privada e acervos públicos do Arquivo e Museu da
Resistência e do Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino. Com esta abordagem cruzada, a tese pretende
contribuir para a compreensão da relação entre dinâmicas familiares, formas de parentesco e
reprodução de hierarquias de poder no sudeste asiático. Partindo da contemporaneidade, a tese
acaba por mostrar como os descendentes do reino de Luca e a Casa de Luca se posicionam
enquanto uma espécie de rede de consolidação de dinâmicas políticas que abarcam uma longa
duração.
The present study proposes to investigate the power dynamics linked to the temporal projection of the authority of liurais (Tetum expression for 'territorial lord') and their lineages in Timor Leste, intersecting Anthropology and History. The thesis is centred on fieldwork, documentary research and interviews with descendants of liurais from the 'Kingdom of Luca', located in the east of the island of Timor. During the long period of Portuguese colonisation, this kingdom played an important role in the relationship with the colonial administration. Before and during that period, Luca distinguished itself as a parallel (or even alternative) symbolic centre both to Wehali – an important kingdom now located in the Indonesian part of the island - and even to the government of the colonial state. During the period of Indonesian occupation, the descendants of that same kingdom played a significant role in resisting and gaining independence for Timor-Leste. In the post-independence period, they gained prominence in the construction of the nation-state. The research proposes to understand the processes of continuity and transformation of the authority of the descendants of Luca's liurais, focusing more on the last decades of the Portuguese colonial period and the present day, combining biographical narratives with field observation and with archival work oriented by the themes that emerge from the biographical narratives. The analysis is based on a deeper understanding of the complex Timorese kinship networks that the anthropological approach makes possible. The fieldwork oriented the research towards analysing the political biography of these interlocutors and their interactions with other Timorese leaders. These interactions were further analysed using interviews, published documents, private papers and public collections from the Resistance Archive and Museum and the Overseas Historical Archive. With this cross-cutting approach, the thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between family dynamics, forms of kinship and the reproduction of power hierarchies in Southeast Asia. Starting from contemporary times, the thesis ultimately shows how the descendants of the kingdom of Luca and the House of Luca position themselves as a kind of network for the consolidation of political dynamics spanning a long duration.
The present study proposes to investigate the power dynamics linked to the temporal projection of the authority of liurais (Tetum expression for 'territorial lord') and their lineages in Timor Leste, intersecting Anthropology and History. The thesis is centred on fieldwork, documentary research and interviews with descendants of liurais from the 'Kingdom of Luca', located in the east of the island of Timor. During the long period of Portuguese colonisation, this kingdom played an important role in the relationship with the colonial administration. Before and during that period, Luca distinguished itself as a parallel (or even alternative) symbolic centre both to Wehali – an important kingdom now located in the Indonesian part of the island - and even to the government of the colonial state. During the period of Indonesian occupation, the descendants of that same kingdom played a significant role in resisting and gaining independence for Timor-Leste. In the post-independence period, they gained prominence in the construction of the nation-state. The research proposes to understand the processes of continuity and transformation of the authority of the descendants of Luca's liurais, focusing more on the last decades of the Portuguese colonial period and the present day, combining biographical narratives with field observation and with archival work oriented by the themes that emerge from the biographical narratives. The analysis is based on a deeper understanding of the complex Timorese kinship networks that the anthropological approach makes possible. The fieldwork oriented the research towards analysing the political biography of these interlocutors and their interactions with other Timorese leaders. These interactions were further analysed using interviews, published documents, private papers and public collections from the Resistance Archive and Museum and the Overseas Historical Archive. With this cross-cutting approach, the thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between family dynamics, forms of kinship and the reproduction of power hierarchies in Southeast Asia. Starting from contemporary times, the thesis ultimately shows how the descendants of the kingdom of Luca and the House of Luca position themselves as a kind of network for the consolidation of political dynamics spanning a long duration.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Dinâmicas políticas Luca (Timor Leste) Poder Antropologia