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O papel do médico veterinário em biossegurança laboratorial : desenvolvimento de um manual de biossegurança para o Laboratório de Bromatologia e Defesa Biológica do Exército Português
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Autores
Resumo(s)
A biossegurança deve ser uma das prioridades dos Estados na defesa e proteção dos seus cidadãos. Os surtos epidémicos ou a ameaça do bioterrorismo exigem de governos e instituições internacionais estratégias adequadas de combate a tais riscos. Atendendo ao facto de, presentemente em Portugal, não existir legislação sobre biossegurança laboratorial suficientemente abrangente, peça-chave nesse tipo de estratégias, a presente dissertação foi elaborada com o intuito de fundamentar o desenho e conceção de um manual de biossegurança laboratorial e de o produzir para utilização no Laboratório de Bromatologia e Defesa Biológica do Exército Português. A dissertação começa por discutir a distinção conceptual entre biossegurança e bioproteção. Procede seguidamente ao seu enquadramento na perspetiva de diferentes organizações e discute a sua importância no âmbito da saúde pública. Após a identificação dos desafios atuais em biossegurança, analisam-se as respostas que têm sido dadas aos riscos a nível mundial, europeu e português, em particular no que toca ao quadro normativo, regulamentar e das convenções entre países. No contexto português, para além da abordagem à legislação atual e à nova norma de biossegurança, também foi feita referência ao projeto UPCAST e à Rede Laboratorial Portuguesa de Biossegurança. Como parte integrante da dissertação segue-se a apresentação do manual, que incide sobre infraestruturas, equipamento laboratorial, equipamento de proteção individual, manuseamento e eliminação de resíduos, boas práticas laboratoriais, entre outros. Por fim, é feita uma discussão crítica das questões que foram sendo levantadas ao longo da fundamentação do manual, procurando contextualizá-las em relação aos propósitos da dissertação e às linhas orientadoras que estruturaram o seu desenho e conceção.
ABSTRACT - The Role of the Veterinary Professional in Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity: Development of a Biosafety and Biosecurity Manual to the Bromatology and Biological Defence Laboratory of the Portuguese Army - Biosecurity and biosafety should be a priority of all States in the defence and protection of their citizens. Epidemic outbreaks or the threat of bioterrorism demand from Governments and international institutions appropriate strategic measures to fight such risks. In view of the fact that, currently in Portugal, there is a lack of broader laboratory biosafety and biosecurity legislation, which is a key part of this type of strategy, this thesis was elaborated in order to provide the conceptual framework for the design and conception of a biosafety and biosecurity manual and to produce it for use at the Laboratory of Bromatology and Biological Defence of the Portuguese Army. The thesis begins by discussing the conceptual distinction between biosafety and biosecurity. It then proceeds to examine those concepts in the perspective of different organisations and considers its importance in the field of public health. Following the identification of the current challenges in biosafety and biosecurity, an analyses of the responses that have been given to these risks at a global, European and Portuguese levels is done, in particular related to the regulatory framework, norms and conventions between countries. In the Portuguese context, in addition to the approach to the current legislation and the new biosafety standard, were also considered the UPCAST project and the Portuguese Biosafety Laboratory Network. The thesis includes the presentation of the manual, which focuses on infrastructure, laboratory equipment, personal protective equipment, waste handling and disposal, good laboratory practices, among others. Finally, a critical discussion is made of the issues emerged from the discussion of the conceptual framework, seeking to contextualize them in relation to the purposes of the thesis and the guidelines that structured the design and conception of the manual.
ABSTRACT - The Role of the Veterinary Professional in Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity: Development of a Biosafety and Biosecurity Manual to the Bromatology and Biological Defence Laboratory of the Portuguese Army - Biosecurity and biosafety should be a priority of all States in the defence and protection of their citizens. Epidemic outbreaks or the threat of bioterrorism demand from Governments and international institutions appropriate strategic measures to fight such risks. In view of the fact that, currently in Portugal, there is a lack of broader laboratory biosafety and biosecurity legislation, which is a key part of this type of strategy, this thesis was elaborated in order to provide the conceptual framework for the design and conception of a biosafety and biosecurity manual and to produce it for use at the Laboratory of Bromatology and Biological Defence of the Portuguese Army. The thesis begins by discussing the conceptual distinction between biosafety and biosecurity. It then proceeds to examine those concepts in the perspective of different organisations and considers its importance in the field of public health. Following the identification of the current challenges in biosafety and biosecurity, an analyses of the responses that have been given to these risks at a global, European and Portuguese levels is done, in particular related to the regulatory framework, norms and conventions between countries. In the Portuguese context, in addition to the approach to the current legislation and the new biosafety standard, were also considered the UPCAST project and the Portuguese Biosafety Laboratory Network. The thesis includes the presentation of the manual, which focuses on infrastructure, laboratory equipment, personal protective equipment, waste handling and disposal, good laboratory practices, among others. Finally, a critical discussion is made of the issues emerged from the discussion of the conceptual framework, seeking to contextualize them in relation to the purposes of the thesis and the guidelines that structured the design and conception of the manual.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
biossegurança bioproteção manual de biossegurança laboratorial médico veterinário saúde pública biosecurity biosafety laboratory biosafety and biosecurity manual veterinary professional public health
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Lopes, D.E. (2019). O papel do médico veterinário em biossegurança laboratorial : desenvolvimento de um manual de biossegurança para o Laboratório de Bromatologia e Defesa Biológica do Exército Português. Dissertação de mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária