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Uso de redes sociais na adolescência : principais implicações no bem-estar psicológico : revisão sistemática
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Introdução: Atualmente, são várias as plataformas de redes sociais que fazem parte da vida social de quase todos, especialmente dos adolescentes. Estes têm crescido com um acesso cada vez mais precoce a estas tecnologias digitais, que se tornaram uma parte integrante da sua vida pessoal e social. No entanto, como descrito em vários estudos, alguns problemas psicopatológicos são por vezes associados a um uso problemático destas redes sociais. A preocupação com as implicações que esta conectividade constante possa estar a causar no bem-estar dos adolescentes, tem levado a que cada vez mais autores investiguem esta área.
Método: Pesquisa bibliográfica no período de janeiro de 2014 a dezembro de 2021 através de bases de dados científicas tais como PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO e B-ON, com o objetivo de realizar uma Revisão Sistemática da literatura científica sobre as principais implicações do uso de redes sociais no bem-estar psicológico dos adolescentes (10 aos 19 anos de idade).
Resultados: Até agora, a maioria das pesquisas baseiam-se em estudos transversais, existindo vários vieses e gerando uma mistura de pequenas associações positivas, negativas e nulas. Os estudos não oferecem uma forma clara de distinguir a causa do efeito e, conforme estimado, é improvável que tenha significado clínico ou prático.
Conclusão: Embora a comunidade científica tenha feito progressos no conhecimento sobre o impacto que as redes sociais têm na vida dos adolescentes, são necessários mais estudos longitudinais integrando fatores biológicos e ambientais para melhor elucidação sobre o desenvolvimento de psicopatologia.
Background: Currently, there are several social media platforms that are part of the social life of almost everyone, especially teenagers. These have grown up with an increasingly early access to these digital technologies, which have become an integral part of their personal and social lives. However, as described in several studies, some psychopathological problems are sometimes associated with a problematic use of these social networks. Concern about the implications that this constant connectivity may have on the well-being of adolescentes has led more and more authors to investigate this area. Methods: Bibliographic research from january 2014 to december 2021 through scientific databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and B-ON, with the objective of carrying out a Systematic Review of the scientific literature on the main implications of the use of social media on the psychological well-being of adolescents (between 10 and 19 years old). Results: So far, most research is based on cross-sectional studies, with several biases and generating a mix of small positive, negative and null associations. Studies do not provide a clear way to distinguish cause from effect and, as estimated, are unlikely to be of clinical or practical significance. Conclusion: Although the scientific community has made progress in the knowledge about the impact that social media have on the lives of adolescents, further longitudinal studies are needed, integrating biological and environmental factors to better elucidate the development of psychopathology.
Background: Currently, there are several social media platforms that are part of the social life of almost everyone, especially teenagers. These have grown up with an increasingly early access to these digital technologies, which have become an integral part of their personal and social lives. However, as described in several studies, some psychopathological problems are sometimes associated with a problematic use of these social networks. Concern about the implications that this constant connectivity may have on the well-being of adolescentes has led more and more authors to investigate this area. Methods: Bibliographic research from january 2014 to december 2021 through scientific databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and B-ON, with the objective of carrying out a Systematic Review of the scientific literature on the main implications of the use of social media on the psychological well-being of adolescents (between 10 and 19 years old). Results: So far, most research is based on cross-sectional studies, with several biases and generating a mix of small positive, negative and null associations. Studies do not provide a clear way to distinguish cause from effect and, as estimated, are unlikely to be of clinical or practical significance. Conclusion: Although the scientific community has made progress in the knowledge about the impact that social media have on the lives of adolescents, further longitudinal studies are needed, integrating biological and environmental factors to better elucidate the development of psychopathology.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2022
Palavras-chave
Redes sociais Adolescência Implicações Bem-estar psicológico Saúde mental Psiquiatria