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Publicação
Análise ergonómica do trabalho no refeitório da Câmara Municipal de Loures com vista à prevenção de lesões músculo-esqueléticas
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Este estudo aborda o risco e a prevenção de lesões músculo-esqueléticas e tem como
objetivo a avaliação de risco de desenvolvimento de lesões e a proposta de soluções e
recomendações. O estudo foi realizado no refeitório municipal da Câmara Municipal de
Loures, em que as exigências físicas das tarefas desempenhadas pelas trabalhadoras
contribuem para a prevalência de lesões músculo-esqueléticas.
A metodologia envolveu uma combinação de métodos e instrumentos de análise,
como a observação direta, gravação de vídeos e questionários aplicados, sob a forma de
entrevistas, às trabalhadoras. Para melhor analisar a complexidade das tarefas, foi
utilizada a Análise Hierárquica da Tarefa e aplicado o Rapid Entire Body Assessment
(REBA) para avaliar o nível de risco de lesão. A existência de associação entre as variáveis
(dependentes e independentes) foi analisada através do teste do Qui-quadrado e do
coeficiente de Cramer. Para verificar se havia diferenças, estatisticamente significativas,
quanto ao Risco de desenvolvimento de LME foi aplicado o teste não paramétrico
Kruskal-Wallis; ambos os testes foram realizados com o auxílio do SPSS; em todos os
casos considerou-se um nível de significância de 0,05. Foram analisadas as respostas aos
questionários de treze trabalhadoras e foi aplicado o REBA a 89 posturas. Relativamente
à sintomatologia autorreferida, as regiões corporais com mais queixas foram os punhos
e os ombros e a zona de trabalho que apresentou maior nível de risco de lesão músculoesquelética foi a zona da preparação. Os resultados da avaliação de risco apresentam
tarefas com um nível de risco muito alto, havendo a necessidade de se realizarem
alterações. Globalmente não se verificaram associações estatisticamente significativas
(p>0,05), contudo foi possível verificar uma moderada ou forte potência de associação
nos casos em que se registaram associações. Considerando os resultados encontrados
neste estudo, foram integradas sugestões de melhoria agregadas a duas áreas de
intervenção: medidas de natureza organizacional e medidas de natureza técnica -
construtiva.
This study addresses the risk and prevention of musculoskeletal injuries aiming to assess the risk of developing such injuries and propose solutions and recommendations. The study was conducted in the municipal cafeteria of a Portuguese City Council in which the physical demands of tasks performed by workers contribute to the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries. The methodology involved a combination of methods and instruments of analysis, like direct observation, video recording, and questionnaires (which were applied as an interview). To better analyze the complexity of the tasks, the Hierarchical Task Analysis was used, and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) was applied to evaluate the level of risk of injury. The existence of association between the variables (dependent and independent) was analyzed using the Chi-square test and the Cramer’s coefficient. To verify if there were statistically significant differences regarding the risk of developing musculoskeletal injuries, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was applied. Both tests were performed with the aid of SPSS and, in all cases, were considered a level of significance of 0.05. The questionnaires’ answers from thirteen workers were analyzed and the REBA was applied to 89 postures. The body regions with more complaints were the wrists and shoulders, and the work area that presented the highest risk of musculoskeletal injury was the preparation area. The risk assessment results show tasks with a very high level of risk, requiring changes to be made. Overall, the analysis did not reveal any statistically significant associations (p>0.05). However, it is possible to verify a moderate or strong association in cases where associations have been recorded. Considering the results found in this study, some improvement suggestions were integrated into two areas of intervention: organizational measures and technicalconstructive measures
This study addresses the risk and prevention of musculoskeletal injuries aiming to assess the risk of developing such injuries and propose solutions and recommendations. The study was conducted in the municipal cafeteria of a Portuguese City Council in which the physical demands of tasks performed by workers contribute to the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries. The methodology involved a combination of methods and instruments of analysis, like direct observation, video recording, and questionnaires (which were applied as an interview). To better analyze the complexity of the tasks, the Hierarchical Task Analysis was used, and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) was applied to evaluate the level of risk of injury. The existence of association between the variables (dependent and independent) was analyzed using the Chi-square test and the Cramer’s coefficient. To verify if there were statistically significant differences regarding the risk of developing musculoskeletal injuries, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was applied. Both tests were performed with the aid of SPSS and, in all cases, were considered a level of significance of 0.05. The questionnaires’ answers from thirteen workers were analyzed and the REBA was applied to 89 postures. The body regions with more complaints were the wrists and shoulders, and the work area that presented the highest risk of musculoskeletal injury was the preparation area. The risk assessment results show tasks with a very high level of risk, requiring changes to be made. Overall, the analysis did not reveal any statistically significant associations (p>0.05). However, it is possible to verify a moderate or strong association in cases where associations have been recorded. Considering the results found in this study, some improvement suggestions were integrated into two areas of intervention: organizational measures and technicalconstructive measures
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Análise ergonómica do trabalho Análise hierárquica do trabalho Avaliação de risco Lesões músculo-esqueléticas Questionário nórdico músculo-esquelético Rapid entire body assessment Restauração e catering Refeitório Saúde ocupacional Setor hotelaria Cafeteria Ergonomic work analysis Hierarchical task analysis Hotel Musculoskeletal injuries Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire Occupational health Rapid entire body assessment Restaurant and catering sector Risk assessment