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Low genetic diversity and significant structuring in the endangered Mentha cervina populations and its implications for conservation
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Eighteen populations of the endangered aromatic and medicinal plant Mentha cervina
(Lamiaceae) were sampled across its natural range, in the western half of the Iberian
Peninsula, and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) markers were used to assess genetic
diversity and population structure. M. cervina populations exhibited a relatively low genetic
diversity (percentage of polymorphic loci PPB ¼ 14.2–58.3%, Nei’s genetic diversity
He ¼ 0.135–0.205, Shannon’s information index I ¼ 0.08 0.33). However, the genetic
diversity at species level was relatively high (PPB ¼ 98.3%; He ¼ 0.325; I ¼ 0.23). The results
of the analysis of molecular variance indicated very structured populations, with 50% of
the variance within populations, 44% among populations and 6% between regions defined
by hydrographic basins, in line with the gene differentiation coefficient (GST ¼ 0.532).
A Mantel test did not find significant correlation between genetic and geographic distance
matrices (r ¼ 0.064), indicating that isolation by distance is not shaping the present genetic
structure. The levels and patterns of genetic diversity in M. cervina populations were
assumed to result largely from a combination of evolutionary history and its unique biological
traits, such as breeding system, low capacity of dispersion, small effective size and
habitat fragmentation. The high genetic differentiation among populations indicates the
necessity of conserving the maximum possible number of populations. The results also
provide information to select sites for ex situ conservation. Optimal harvesting strategies,
cultivation and tissue culture should also be developed as soon as possible to guarantee
sustainable use of the species under study.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mentha cervina genetic diversity population structure conservation genetics endemic species ISSR
Contexto Educativo
Citação
"Biochemical Systematics and Ecology". ISSN 0305-1978. 50 (2013) 51-61