A carregar...
Publicação
Caracterização do parasitismo gastrintestinal em cavalos de desporto e lazer no distrito de Coimbra
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.82 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Em Portugal os cavalos assumem um papel de relevo devido às suas múltiplas funções nomeadamente no desporto, lazer, turismo, tracção animal e transporte. No entanto, surgem algumas constrições que afectam as suas performances. As doenças gastrointestinais, particularmente as parasitoses, tornam-se um problema de maior. A informação epidemiológica destas doenças em Portugal e suas diferentes regiões na população de equinos, embora em crescimento, ainda está por completar. Começam também a surgir variadíssimos estudos que apontam para um novo problema, a resistência aos anti-parasitários de rotina. Para que se possa deter toda a informação acerca destas doenças e como deverão ser combatidos os problemas que vão surgindo (resistências), deverão ser estudadas todas as variáveis que as influenciam, em particular a localização geográfica e a influência do stress induzido pela competição, sobre os níveis de parasitismo gastrintestinal.
Este trabalho foi iniciado com um inquérito aos proprietários para caracterizar as explorações envolvidas neste estudo, sendo posteriormente efectuadas colheitas e processamentos laboratoriais de amostras de fezes de equinos, mediante a realização de 3 métodos coprológicos (Willis, Sedimentação e McMaster) e coprocultura. Os objectivos do trabalho incluíram a identificação das formas parasitárias dos helmintes gastrintestinais e a análise da sua taxa e nível de infecção numa população de 50 equinos do Distrito de Coimbra. Dos 50 cavalos em estudo, 22 foram analisados antes e depois de uma competição, de forma a determinar a influência do factor stress sobre a eliminação de ovos nas fezes tendo em conta as estratégias de desparasitação utilizadas por cada proprietário. A análise das amostras de fezes permitiu verificar que 40 equinos (80%) estavam a eliminar ovos de estrongilídeos, mas todas as coproculturas apresentaram larvas L3, ou seja, 100% da população observada. Foram isoladas L3 de Triodontophorus spp., Strongylus vulgaris, Trichostrongylus axei e principalmente Cyathostomum spp. Dos 50 animais, 37 tinham até 150 OPGs, e destes 37, 24 tinham menos de 50 OPGs. Treze dos animais tinham 200 ou mais OPGs , e destes apenas 9 tinham mais de 500 OPGs. O máximo de OPGs encontrado foi de 3450 OPGs, que pertencia a uma égua de criação. Relativamente ao controlo feito em 22 animais de desporto antes e depois de competição observou-se que o stress induzido pelas provas não influenciou significativamente a emissão de ovos pelas fezes, ainda que a maioria dos animais tenha sofrido aumento no OPG em termos médios e absolutos.
ABSTRACT - Horses assume a major role in Portugal due to their multifunctional abilities, especially in sports, tourism, pleasure, traction work. However, there are a few constraints affecting their athletic performances. Gastrointestinal diseases, parasitic diseases, in particular, are becoming a big problem. Epidemiological information about these diseases in equine population in Portugal is still needed. A wide range of new studies is showing a recent problem, the resistance to anthelmintics. In order to know how to prevent this emerging problem, it is crucial to study all variables, especially the geographic features and the stress induced by competition over gastrointestinal parasite levels. The study began with a survey to the owners in order to feature the stud farms under study. Then, faecal samples were collected and lab processed according to flotation, sedimentation and McMaster coprological methods. Faecal cultures were also performed. This study aimed to analyse all the influencing factors of parasitic diseases in 50 horses from the district of Coimbra. It included the identification of parasitic forms of gastrointestinal helminths in 50 horses, their rates and level of infection. Taking into account the deworming program, out of the 50 examined horses, 22 were analysed before and after a competition to determine whether stress is or is not an influencing factor on faecal egg level shedding, taking into account the deworming program. The analysis of faecal samples showed that 40 horses (80%) were shedding strongyle eggs, but all faecal cultures were positive for L3 larval stages, which means that 100% of the examined population was positive. Were isolated L3 of the following genera/species: Triodontophorus, Strongylus vulgaris, Trichostrongylus axei and mainly Cyathostomum were isolated. Out of the 50 animals, and out of this 37 showed until 150 EPGs, and from this 37 group 24 had less than 50 EPGs, 13 had 200 or more EPGs, and only 9 had more than 500 EPGs. Only one breeding mare showed 3450 EPGs. Regarding the 22 equines under control, the results showed that the competition seemed not to be a significant influencing factor on egg shedding, although the majority of examined animals showed an increase of EPG counts, both on absolute and average numbers.
ABSTRACT - Horses assume a major role in Portugal due to their multifunctional abilities, especially in sports, tourism, pleasure, traction work. However, there are a few constraints affecting their athletic performances. Gastrointestinal diseases, parasitic diseases, in particular, are becoming a big problem. Epidemiological information about these diseases in equine population in Portugal is still needed. A wide range of new studies is showing a recent problem, the resistance to anthelmintics. In order to know how to prevent this emerging problem, it is crucial to study all variables, especially the geographic features and the stress induced by competition over gastrointestinal parasite levels. The study began with a survey to the owners in order to feature the stud farms under study. Then, faecal samples were collected and lab processed according to flotation, sedimentation and McMaster coprological methods. Faecal cultures were also performed. This study aimed to analyse all the influencing factors of parasitic diseases in 50 horses from the district of Coimbra. It included the identification of parasitic forms of gastrointestinal helminths in 50 horses, their rates and level of infection. Taking into account the deworming program, out of the 50 examined horses, 22 were analysed before and after a competition to determine whether stress is or is not an influencing factor on faecal egg level shedding, taking into account the deworming program. The analysis of faecal samples showed that 40 horses (80%) were shedding strongyle eggs, but all faecal cultures were positive for L3 larval stages, which means that 100% of the examined population was positive. Were isolated L3 of the following genera/species: Triodontophorus, Strongylus vulgaris, Trichostrongylus axei and mainly Cyathostomum were isolated. Out of the 50 animals, and out of this 37 showed until 150 EPGs, and from this 37 group 24 had less than 50 EPGs, 13 had 200 or more EPGs, and only 9 had more than 500 EPGs. Only one breeding mare showed 3450 EPGs. Regarding the 22 equines under control, the results showed that the competition seemed not to be a significant influencing factor on egg shedding, although the majority of examined animals showed an increase of EPG counts, both on absolute and average numbers.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Parasitas gastrintestinais Coprologia Stress Cavalos de desporto Coimbra Portugal Gastrointestinal parasites Faecal exams Sport horses
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Costa, R.B. (2011). Caracterização do parasitismo gastrintestinal em cavalos de desporto e lazer no distrito de Coimbra. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária