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O subreconhecimento do autismo no feminino : uma revisão sistemática
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As Perturbações do Espetro do Autismo (PEA) têm sido maioritariamente associadas ao sexo masculino, negligenciando as manifestações/fenótipos/apresentações femininas. Foi conduzida uma revisão sistemática sobre as dificuldades em diagnosticar as PEA no sexo feminino, seguindo as orientações de PRISMA, em quatro bases de dados (EBSCO, Web of Science, Scopus e Pubmed), sendo selecionados 74 de 928 estudos. Os estudos foram classificados consoante: 1) rácio dos sexos nas amostras, 2) avaliação de instrumentos de diagnóstico, 3) diferenças de sexo nos sintomas, 4) experiências pessoais com as PEA e 5) a perspetiva de terceiros sobre as mesmas. As conclusões dos estudos incluídos mostram incongruências e sugere-se que, em estudos futuros e prática clínica, se tenha especial cuidado com: (1) o rácio M:F, (2) a necessidade de incluir correções aos principais testes de diagnóstico e (3) a necessidade de difundir a literatura existente pelos técnicos/familiares.
The Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have been largely associated with males only, neglecting the female manifestations/phenotypes/presentations. A systematic review was conducted about the difficulties in diagnosing ASD in females, according to the PRISMA guidelines, in four databases (EBSCO, Web of Science, Scopus e Pubmed), having been selected 74 studies out of 928 studies. These studies were classified according to: 1) sample’s sex ratio; 2) evaluation of assessment instruments; 3) sex differences in symptoms; 4) personal experiences with ASD; and 5) the perspective of others about ASD. The conclusions from selected studies show a lack of congruence and it is suggested that, in future studies and clinical practice, additional attention is paid to the 1) the sample’s sex ratio; 2) the need to include corrections to the most often used assessment instruments; and 3) the need to spread the literature already available to the technicians and families of the patients with ASD.
The Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have been largely associated with males only, neglecting the female manifestations/phenotypes/presentations. A systematic review was conducted about the difficulties in diagnosing ASD in females, according to the PRISMA guidelines, in four databases (EBSCO, Web of Science, Scopus e Pubmed), having been selected 74 studies out of 928 studies. These studies were classified according to: 1) sample’s sex ratio; 2) evaluation of assessment instruments; 3) sex differences in symptoms; 4) personal experiences with ASD; and 5) the perspective of others about ASD. The conclusions from selected studies show a lack of congruence and it is suggested that, in future studies and clinical practice, additional attention is paid to the 1) the sample’s sex ratio; 2) the need to include corrections to the most often used assessment instruments; and 3) the need to spread the literature already available to the technicians and families of the patients with ASD.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica Cognitivo-Comportamental Integrativa), 2022, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia
Palavras-chave
Transtorno do espetro do autismo Género feminino Diagnóstico Dissertações de mestrado - 2022