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Produtos à base de plantas para a gestão da síndrome dos ovários poliquísticos
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Resumo(s)
A síndrome dos ovários poliquísticos é uma das disfunções reprodutivas mais
frequentes nas mulheres, sendo a principal causa de infertilidade feminina à escala
mundial. Esta doença tem implicações fisiopatológicas multiorgânicas, aumentando o
risco de diabetes mellitus ou a esteatose hepática não alcoólica, bem como o risco de
perturbações psíquicas. O objetivo desta monografia foi pesquisar alternativas
terapêuticas aos tratamentos farmacológicas convencionais utilizados no tratamento da
doença (como as pílulas anticoncecionais ou a metformina), que frequentemente se
revelam relativamente pouco eficazes e muitas vezes com efeitos secundários
indesejados em uso prolongado, incidindo nos produtos à base de plantas, pela sua
ampla variedade e potencial terapêutico reconhecido, embora ainda pouco explorado
em comparação com as terapias farmacológicas tradicionais.
Com base na pesquisa efetuada, foi possível não só identificar potenciais alvos
terapêuticos de interesse para o tratamento da doença tendo em conta as suas principais
manifestações clínicas, tais como o hiperandrogenismo, a resistência à insulina ou a
obesidade, e as vias de sinalização celular neles envolvidas. Esta informação permitiu
mais uma vez compreender que esta é uma doença complexa, multifatorial e, por isso,
com um impacto significativo na vida das mulheres que dela sofrem.
A revisão da literatura efetuada também permitiu identificar diversas plantas ou
compostos obtidos das mesmas cuja relevância terapêutica pode ser de grande
magnitude no tratamento destes sintomas. As principais plantas relevantes são as
mentas, o alcaçuz, a planta do chá, a canela e a curcuma. Quanto aos principais
compostos destacam-se a berberina, a paeoniflorina e as isoflavonas. Os efeitos
terapêuticos podem ser mais ou menos abrangentes, dependendo da planta/composto
em causa, mas em todas elas sobressaiu a necessidade de mais investigação clínica.
Com os resultados obtidos, espera-se iniciar um novo caminho no tratamento da doença
e no aconselhamento e acompanhamento às doentes, que lhes permita ter uma maior
qualidade de vida.
Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common reproductive disorders in women, and is the leading cause of female infertility worldwide. This disease has multi organ physiopathological implications, increasing the risk of diabetes mellitus or non alcoholic hepatic steatosis, as well as the risk of psychological disorders. The aim of this monograph was to research therapeutic alternatives to the conventional pharmacological treatments used to treat the disease (such as contraceptive pills or metformin), which often prove to be relatively ineffective and often have undesirable side effects in prolonged use, focusing on herbal products, due to their wide variety and recognised therapeutic potential, although still little explored in comparison with traditional pharmacological therapies. Based on the research carried out, it was possible not only to identify potential therapeutic targets of interest for the treatment of the disease, taking into account its main clinical manifestations, such as hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance or obesity, and the cell signalling pathways involved in them. This information has once again made it possible to realise that this is a complex, multifactorial disease that has a significant impact on the lives of the women who suffer from it. The literature review also identified several plants or compounds obtained from them whose therapeutic relevance could be of great importance in the treatment of these symptoms. The main relevant plants are mints, liquorice, tea plants, cinnamon and turmeric. As for the main compounds, berberine, paeoniflorine and isoflavones stand out. The therapeutic effects may be more or less comprehensive, depending on the plant/compound in question, but in all of them the need for further clinical research has been emphasised. With the results obtained, it is hoped to start down a new path in the treatment of the disease and in counselling and support for patients, enabling them to have a better quality of life
Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common reproductive disorders in women, and is the leading cause of female infertility worldwide. This disease has multi organ physiopathological implications, increasing the risk of diabetes mellitus or non alcoholic hepatic steatosis, as well as the risk of psychological disorders. The aim of this monograph was to research therapeutic alternatives to the conventional pharmacological treatments used to treat the disease (such as contraceptive pills or metformin), which often prove to be relatively ineffective and often have undesirable side effects in prolonged use, focusing on herbal products, due to their wide variety and recognised therapeutic potential, although still little explored in comparison with traditional pharmacological therapies. Based on the research carried out, it was possible not only to identify potential therapeutic targets of interest for the treatment of the disease, taking into account its main clinical manifestations, such as hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance or obesity, and the cell signalling pathways involved in them. This information has once again made it possible to realise that this is a complex, multifactorial disease that has a significant impact on the lives of the women who suffer from it. The literature review also identified several plants or compounds obtained from them whose therapeutic relevance could be of great importance in the treatment of these symptoms. The main relevant plants are mints, liquorice, tea plants, cinnamon and turmeric. As for the main compounds, berberine, paeoniflorine and isoflavones stand out. The therapeutic effects may be more or less comprehensive, depending on the plant/compound in question, but in all of them the need for further clinical research has been emphasised. With the results obtained, it is hoped to start down a new path in the treatment of the disease and in counselling and support for patients, enabling them to have a better quality of life
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Palavras-chave
Síndrome dos ovários poliquísticos Estrogénios Insulina Planta medicinal Compostos bioativos Mestrado Integrado - 2024