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Vinculação, religiosidade e aproveitamento escolar como determinantes da depressão e do bem-estar psicológico na adolescência
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Resumo(s)
A adolescência é uma das fases de risco para o desenvolvimento da depressão, um crescente e preocupante problema da saúde pública. Considerando a definição de saúde da Organização Mundial de Saúde, é pertinente articular o estudo da sintomatologia depressiva com o estudo do bem-estar psicológico.
Este estudo visa verificar de que forma a vinculação, a religiosidade e o aproveitamento escolar se relacionam com a sintomatologia depressiva e o bem-estar psicológico nos adolescentes portugueses.
Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Questionário de Prática Religiosa Actual (Gonçalves & Fagulha, 2012); Versão portuguesa (Gonçalves & Fagulha, 2004) da Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); Versão portuguesa (Novo, Duarte-Silva & Peralta, 1997) das Scales of Psychological Well-Being (EBEP), short form; Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (SCSOF) (Plante & Boccaccini, 1997, adaptado por Gonçalves & Fagulha, 2012); Versão portuguesa (Ribeiro & Sousa, 2002) do Adolescent Attachement Questionnaire (AAQ).
Verificou-se uma correlação negativa e forte entre a vinculação e o bem-estar psicológico (r= -0,57), indicando que um melhor ajustamento ao nível da vinculação, correspondente a resultados baixos no AAQ, se relaciona com níveis mais elevados de bem-estar psicológico. Observou-se que a religiosidade avaliada pelo SCSOF, se correlaciona positivamente com o bem-estar psicológico (r= 0,17). Não se verificaram correlações significativas entre o aproveitamento escolar e o bem-estar psicológico. A correlação entre o bem-estar psicológico e a sintomatologia depressiva é negativa e forte (r= -0,72).
Utilizando a análise de regressão múltipla, é possível verificar que a sintomatologia depressiva, o género feminino e a religiosidade avaliada pelo SCSOF são preditores significativos do bem-estar psicológico.
Adolescence is one of the phases of risk for the development of depression, a growing and worrying public health problem. According to World Health Organization – WHO - heath definition, is pertinent to articulate the study of depressive symptomatology with the study of psychological well-being. This study aims to verify how the attachment, religiousness and school performance relate with depressive symptomatology and psychological well-being in Portuguese teenagers. The instruments used were: Current Religious Practice (Gonçalves & Fagulha, 2012); Portuguese Version (Goncalves & Fagulha, 2004) of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); Portuguese Version (Novo, Duarte-Silva & Peralta, 1997) of the Scales of Psychological Well-Being (EBEP), short form; Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (SCSOF) (Plant & Boccaccini, 1997, adapted by Gonçalves & Fagulha, 2012); Portuguese Version (Ribeiro & Sousa, 2002) of the Adolescent Attachment Questionnaire (AAQ). There was a strong and negative correlation between attachment and psychological well-being (r = -0,57), indicating that a better adjustment in terms of attachment, corresponding to low scores on AAQ, relates to higher levels of psychological well-being. It was observed that religion evaluated by SCSOF, is positively correlated with psychological well-being (r = 0,17). There were no significant correlations between school performance and psychological well-being. The correlation between psychological well-being and depressive symptomatology is strong and negative (r = -0, 72). Using multiple regression analysis, it is possible to verify that depressive symptomatology, female gender and religiousness, evaluated by SCSOF, are significant predictors of psychological well-being.
Adolescence is one of the phases of risk for the development of depression, a growing and worrying public health problem. According to World Health Organization – WHO - heath definition, is pertinent to articulate the study of depressive symptomatology with the study of psychological well-being. This study aims to verify how the attachment, religiousness and school performance relate with depressive symptomatology and psychological well-being in Portuguese teenagers. The instruments used were: Current Religious Practice (Gonçalves & Fagulha, 2012); Portuguese Version (Goncalves & Fagulha, 2004) of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); Portuguese Version (Novo, Duarte-Silva & Peralta, 1997) of the Scales of Psychological Well-Being (EBEP), short form; Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (SCSOF) (Plant & Boccaccini, 1997, adapted by Gonçalves & Fagulha, 2012); Portuguese Version (Ribeiro & Sousa, 2002) of the Adolescent Attachment Questionnaire (AAQ). There was a strong and negative correlation between attachment and psychological well-being (r = -0,57), indicating that a better adjustment in terms of attachment, corresponding to low scores on AAQ, relates to higher levels of psychological well-being. It was observed that religion evaluated by SCSOF, is positively correlated with psychological well-being (r = 0,17). There were no significant correlations between school performance and psychological well-being. The correlation between psychological well-being and depressive symptomatology is strong and negative (r = -0, 72). Using multiple regression analysis, it is possible to verify that depressive symptomatology, female gender and religiousness, evaluated by SCSOF, are significant predictors of psychological well-being.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2014
Palavras-chave
Depressão (psicologia) Bem-estar psicológico Religiosidade Adolescência Vinculação Teses de mestrado - 2014