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Let’s review the gut microbiota in systemic lupus erythematosus
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, immune-mediated disease associated with significant
morbidity and mortality. New evidence suggests that diet, gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and
endotoxemia may modulate chronic inflammation and disease activity in SLE. This review focus on what
is known about the gut microbiota in lupus mouse models and SLE patients and the possible mechanisms
that connect the gut microbiota with SLE. It included 29 studies (12 animal studies, 15 human studies,
and 2 included data on both), with variable results regarding alpha and beta-diversity and gut microbiota
composition between lupus-mouse models and SLE patients. Ruminococcus ( R.) gnavus was significantly
increased in lupus nephritis (LN) in one study, but this was not corroborated by others. Despite the different
results, mechanistic lupus mouse model studies have shown that gut microbiota can modulate disease activity.
Interestingly, pathobiont translocation in monocolonized and autoimmune-prone mice induced autoantibodies
and caused mortality, which could be prevented by a vaccine targeting the pathobiont. Moreover, studies
on fecal transplants and diet on different lupus mouse models showed an effect on disease activity. In SLE
patients, a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower disease activity, which may
be explained by the connection between diet and gut microbiota. Although gut dysbiosis has been observed
in SLE patients and lupus mouse models, it remains to clarify if it is a cause or a consequence of the disease or
its treatments. Further studies with larger and well-characterized populations will undoubtedly contribute
to deciphering the role of gut microbiota in SLE development, progression, and outcome.
Descrição
© The Author(s) 2022. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and
Palavras-chave
Systemic lupus erythematosus Gut microbiota Dysbiosis
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Explor Med. 2022;3:540–560
Editora
Open Exploration Publishing Inc.