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Tem sido proposto que várias perturbações psiquiátricas, nomeadamente a Perturbação Bipolar e a Esquizofrenia, estão associadas a mecanismos inflamatórios que aparentemente se desenvolvem através da interação entre o sistema nervoso e o sistema imunológico. Foi elaborada uma revisão não sistemática, através da pesquisa de artigos na base de dados Medline/Pubmed, com o objetivo de encontrar novas linhas de evidência, baseadas em estudos em modelos animais e humanos, ensaios pré-clínicos, estudos genéticos, epidemiológicos, imagiológicos e postmortem, que impliquem as células da glia como um mediador chave para a resposta inflamatória encontrada nestas patologias. Os resultados desta pesquisa revelaram a presença de uma neuroinflamação que parece resultar de uma ativação exagerada e de alterações quantitativas e qualitativas das células glias em ambas as patologias, que podem constituir alvos terapêuticos novos e interessantes. Tendo em consideração que também existe uma neuroinflamação noutras patologias sistémicas, como é o caso da Esclerose Múltipla, terapêuticas desenvolvidas que sejam capazes de normalizar os desequilíbrios imunológicos verificados nesta patologia, podem também ser úteis para o tratamento da Esquizofrenia.
A large amount of evidence suggests that some psychiatric disorders, such as Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder, are associated with inflammatory mechanisms which apparently developed through an interaction between nervous and immunological systems. It has been conducted a non-systematic review, through electronic searching on Medline/Pubmed databases, with the purpose of finding new lines of evidence, based on human and animal studies, pre-clinical trials and genetic, epidemiological, imagological and postmortem assays, which implies glial cells as key mediator in inflammatory response found in these pathologies. The results of this research reveal a neuroinflammation as a result of an exaggerated activation and quantitative and qualitative modifications of glial cells in both diseases, which could become new and interesting therapeutic targets. Having in consideration that also exist a neuroinflammation in other systemic pathologies, such as Multiple Sclerosis, developed treatment that are capable of normalize immunological disturbs identified in this disease, might also be useful for Schizophrenia treatment.
A large amount of evidence suggests that some psychiatric disorders, such as Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder, are associated with inflammatory mechanisms which apparently developed through an interaction between nervous and immunological systems. It has been conducted a non-systematic review, through electronic searching on Medline/Pubmed databases, with the purpose of finding new lines of evidence, based on human and animal studies, pre-clinical trials and genetic, epidemiological, imagological and postmortem assays, which implies glial cells as key mediator in inflammatory response found in these pathologies. The results of this research reveal a neuroinflammation as a result of an exaggerated activation and quantitative and qualitative modifications of glial cells in both diseases, which could become new and interesting therapeutic targets. Having in consideration that also exist a neuroinflammation in other systemic pathologies, such as Multiple Sclerosis, developed treatment that are capable of normalize immunological disturbs identified in this disease, might also be useful for Schizophrenia treatment.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2018
Palavras-chave
Esquizofrenia Perturbação bipolar Neuroinflamação Células da glia Microglia Psiquiatria
