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Avaliação clínica e radiológica da região toracolombar em cavalos de patrulha da Guarda Nacional Republicana com lombalgia
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O estudo do dorso tem sido aprofundado nos últimos 30 anos, contudo as informações sobre
esta região ainda são escassas. Isto deve-se à ausência de sinais clínicos específicos e à
dificuldade em observar o dorso com os meios de diagnóstico disponíveis. Estudos indicam
que o passo é o andamento que mais afeta as variações de movimento da coluna. Sendo que
os equinos de patrulha são sujeitos a atividades prolongadas a passo, considera-se a hipótese
de que o aparecimento de lesões no dorso, nestes casos seja maior. Desta forma, o objetivo
principal deste estudo foi avaliar clínica e radiologicamente a região toracolombar de cavalos
com lombalgia, de forma a identificar os sinais clínicos e as lesões ósseas mais frequentes.
Procurou-se ainda localizar se havia uma localização preferencial para a origem das
manifestações clínicas e, simultaneamente, se existia alguma associação entre
sintomatologia, lesões ósseas e a atividade. Para tal, avaliaram-se dez equinos adstritos à
atividade de patrulha e dois casos independentes, um deles reprodutor e outro de atrelagem
e, procedeu-se à realização de um inquérito para conseguir informações acerca da história
pregressa do animal e dados que não seriam visualizados no exame físico, como por exemplo,
a sela. De seguida, fez-se um exame físico com o animal em estação e em movimento,
anotando-se os sinais clínicos que este demonstrava. Finalmente, realizou-se o exame
radiográfico, com planos latero-laterais do dorso. A sintomatologia observada foi variada, não
se evidenciando nenhum padrão óbvio associado à atividade. O exame radiológico revelou
que nove dos equinos apresentavam lesões ósseas compatíveis com desmite do ligamento
supraespinhoso, nove apresentaram aproximação dos processos espinhosos dorsais em
diversos estados evolutivos, cinco tinham osteoartropatia das facetas articulares e, em quatro
foi diagnosticado espondilose ventral. O reprodutor apresentou algumas alterações ósseas,
nomeadamente, a sobreposição dos processos e a espondilose ventral, enquanto que o
equino de atrelagem não apresentou lesões significativas no dorso. Seria desejável de futuro
realizar um exame ultrassonográfico, para avaliar a existência de possíveis lesões musculares
e do ligamento supraespinhoso. Este projeto contribuiu para o aprofundamento do estudo das
lesões do dorso em equinos, sendo que a espondilose ventral parece ter alguma associação
com a atividade de patrulha. Contudo, será necessária uma amostra de maior dimensão para
confirmar esta hipótese.
ABSTRACT - Clinical and radiological assessment in the thoracolumbar region on patrol horses from “Guarda Nacional Republicana” with back pain. - Studies on the equine’s back have been performed more regularly over the last 30 years, however, the informations available about this area are still scarce. This is observed due to the absence of specific clinical signs on the pathology and also due to the difficulty to observe the equine’s back with the diagnostic methods available. Various studies indicate that the walk is the gait which mostly affects the ranges of motion in the spine. Considering that the patrol horses only do prolonged mounted walks as their activity, the hypothesis of this being the modality in which the lesion’s occurrence is bigger needs to be considered. The objectives of this study is to make a clinical and radiologic assessment of horses with back pain, as the means to identify the most frequent clinical symptoms and osseous lesions. Also, the lesions on the vertebral spine were analyzed to assess if there was a preferred spot of appearance and if there was any association between the symptoms, the osseous lesions and the activity performed. For that, ten patrol horses with back pain were assessed, as well as two independent cases, a breeder and a carriage driver. An inquiry was made to receive informations about the backstory of the horse and other data that could not be assessed in the physical examination, as, for example, the saddle. The physical examination initiated with the standing animal, in a square position. Then the horse was seen in movement, addressing all the symptoms provided when trotting and cantering. At last, the radiographic assessment was also made, and lateral radiographic images taken. There were various symptoms observed, with no obvious association whatsoever with the activity performed. The radiographic results revealed that nine horses had osseous lesions compatible with desmitis of the supraspinous ligament, other nine horses had a loss of space between the dorsal spinous processes in different evolution states, five had osteoarthropathy of the articular facets and in four it was diagnosed ventral spondylosis. The breeder showed some osseous lesions, namely the presence of kissing-spines and ventral spondylosis, while the carriage driving horse had no significant lesions on the back. In the future, an ultrasonography assessment of the back was necessary to confirm possible muscular alterations and supraspinous lesions. This project contributed to deepen the study on equine back pain, in which spondylosis might have an association with the patrol activity. However, it will be required to assess a larger sample to confirm this hypothesis.
ABSTRACT - Clinical and radiological assessment in the thoracolumbar region on patrol horses from “Guarda Nacional Republicana” with back pain. - Studies on the equine’s back have been performed more regularly over the last 30 years, however, the informations available about this area are still scarce. This is observed due to the absence of specific clinical signs on the pathology and also due to the difficulty to observe the equine’s back with the diagnostic methods available. Various studies indicate that the walk is the gait which mostly affects the ranges of motion in the spine. Considering that the patrol horses only do prolonged mounted walks as their activity, the hypothesis of this being the modality in which the lesion’s occurrence is bigger needs to be considered. The objectives of this study is to make a clinical and radiologic assessment of horses with back pain, as the means to identify the most frequent clinical symptoms and osseous lesions. Also, the lesions on the vertebral spine were analyzed to assess if there was a preferred spot of appearance and if there was any association between the symptoms, the osseous lesions and the activity performed. For that, ten patrol horses with back pain were assessed, as well as two independent cases, a breeder and a carriage driver. An inquiry was made to receive informations about the backstory of the horse and other data that could not be assessed in the physical examination, as, for example, the saddle. The physical examination initiated with the standing animal, in a square position. Then the horse was seen in movement, addressing all the symptoms provided when trotting and cantering. At last, the radiographic assessment was also made, and lateral radiographic images taken. There were various symptoms observed, with no obvious association whatsoever with the activity performed. The radiographic results revealed that nine horses had osseous lesions compatible with desmitis of the supraspinous ligament, other nine horses had a loss of space between the dorsal spinous processes in different evolution states, five had osteoarthropathy of the articular facets and in four it was diagnosed ventral spondylosis. The breeder showed some osseous lesions, namely the presence of kissing-spines and ventral spondylosis, while the carriage driving horse had no significant lesions on the back. In the future, an ultrasonography assessment of the back was necessary to confirm possible muscular alterations and supraspinous lesions. This project contributed to deepen the study on equine back pain, in which spondylosis might have an association with the patrol activity. However, it will be required to assess a larger sample to confirm this hypothesis.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Patrulha exame físico exame radiográfico desmite do ligamento supraespinhoso kissing-spines osteoartropatia das facetas espondilose ventral patrol physical examination radiographic assessment desmitis of the supraspinous ligament kissing-spines osteoarthropathy of the facets ventral spondylosis
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Reis, A.C.A.P. (2013). Avaliação clínica e radiológica da região toracolombar em cavalos de patrulha da Guarda Nacional Republicana com lombalgia. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária