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Enfermeiros recém-formados e cuidados de saúde comunitários : as lógicas subjacentes à escolha
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A presente investigação intitulada, Enfermeiros recém-formados e Cuidados de Saúde
Comunitários: as lógicas subjacentes à escolha, teve como principais intenções a
compreensão do processo de construção identitária em enfermagem e simultaneamente a
revelação dos factores que concorreram para a tomada de decisão relativamente ao primeiro
emprego.
Inserida no contexto especifico da enfermagem, pretendíamos apreender os fundamentos que
originaram a procura por uma área de actuação especifica - a enfermagem de saúde
comunitária - caracterizada pela escassa procura enquanto local de exercício profissional.
Revelar a inversão de tendências (cientificamente comprovadas) e destacar um desvio à
norma, tornou-se o principal motor impulsionador da investigação. Para tal, a procura por
enfermeiros recém-formados cuja entrada na profissão ocorreu através da enfermagem de
saúde comunitária foi crucial para o arranque e desenvolvimento da investigação.
Os contributos teóricos desenvolveram-se em tomo de temáticas centrais, das quais
salientamos: as representações sociais, a sociologia das profissões e as identidades
profissionais, com o intuito de compreender os pilares sustentadores das lógicas de acção
dos sujeitos. Deste modo e tendo em consideração os objectivos principais da investigação
optámos pelo desenvolvimento de um estudo naturalista, descritivo, de natureza qualitativa e
com uma abordagem do ponto de vista biográfico.
Os oito actores envolvidos na investigação, desenvolviam a sua actividade em centros de
saúde situados em concelhos limítrofes à cidade de Lisboa essencialmente na área dos
cuidados de saúde continuados. Como técnica de recolha de dados utilizámos a entrevista
semi-estruturada e de carácter biográfico, sendo o procedimento usado para a apreciação dos
dados, a análise de conteúdo.
Destacamos por fim, os principais acontecimentos do percurso desenvolvido pelos actores desde
a escolha do curso de enfermagem ao inicio da prática profissional, colocando o enfoque no
processo de construção identitária e os factores que contribuíram para "o nascimento de um novo
profissional". As lógicas inerentes à escolha do primeiro local de exercício centraram-se
maioritariamente em factores de índole pessoal, familiar, curricular e contextual.
The present investigation, entitled: "Recently graduated nursing professionals and communitarian health cares: underlining logics to their choice", had as its main objective understanding how these professionals identities are built and, alongside, establish which reasons led to their first employment choice. Inserted in a specific nursing context, we intended to grasp the reasons which driven them to an expertise area - community health nursing - usually characterised by its low appeal as a professional occupation. Acknowledge a pattern inversion (based on scientific evidence) and put in evidence an exception have become the main thrust of this research. In order to achieve such a goal, it was crucial for the investigation to enrol recent graduated nurses whose introduction to the profession was through this area. Theoretical contributions revolved around central themes such as: social representations, sociological aspects of nursing and professional identities, with the intent of unveiling their motivations. Therefore, in order to do so as thoroughly as possible, a naturalistic and descriptive study of qualitative nature and including a biographical approach was elaborated. The eight subjects involved in this study, developed their occupation in Lisbon nearby councils, mainly in the continuous health cares area. As a data collecting technique, a semistructured interview was used, one which broadened to biographical aspects. The information collected then had its content analysed. Finally, we took a look at the subjects careers, highlighting the main events in their professional background, since the moment they chose to pursue a nursing degree, until they started practising nursing, always focusing on the construction process of their professional identities and the factors that led to the birth of a new breed of professionals in the health area. The inherent logics to the choice of the first localities of exercise centered itself in factors of curricular, family, personal nature and contextual.
The present investigation, entitled: "Recently graduated nursing professionals and communitarian health cares: underlining logics to their choice", had as its main objective understanding how these professionals identities are built and, alongside, establish which reasons led to their first employment choice. Inserted in a specific nursing context, we intended to grasp the reasons which driven them to an expertise area - community health nursing - usually characterised by its low appeal as a professional occupation. Acknowledge a pattern inversion (based on scientific evidence) and put in evidence an exception have become the main thrust of this research. In order to achieve such a goal, it was crucial for the investigation to enrol recent graduated nurses whose introduction to the profession was through this area. Theoretical contributions revolved around central themes such as: social representations, sociological aspects of nursing and professional identities, with the intent of unveiling their motivations. Therefore, in order to do so as thoroughly as possible, a naturalistic and descriptive study of qualitative nature and including a biographical approach was elaborated. The eight subjects involved in this study, developed their occupation in Lisbon nearby councils, mainly in the continuous health cares area. As a data collecting technique, a semistructured interview was used, one which broadened to biographical aspects. The information collected then had its content analysed. Finally, we took a look at the subjects careers, highlighting the main events in their professional background, since the moment they chose to pursue a nursing degree, until they started practising nursing, always focusing on the construction process of their professional identities and the factors that led to the birth of a new breed of professionals in the health area. The inherent logics to the choice of the first localities of exercise centered itself in factors of curricular, family, personal nature and contextual.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado em Ciências da Educação (Área de especialização em Formação de Adultos), apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, 2006
Palavras-chave
Teses de mestrado - 2006 Formação de adultos Representações sociais Lógicas de acção - trabalho Identidade profissional Enfermagem