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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Na presente dissertação visa-se abordar os problemas relacionados com a tradução
dos termos sobre as fórmulas da MTC e estipular alguns critérios para orientar a sua
tradução para a língua portuguesa. Nas primeiras várias partes, faz-se uma breve
apresentação sobre a difusão da MTC, a história da tradução da MTC e também o
estado de arte da tradução da terminologia da MTC para a língua portuguesa. Visto
que o nosso foco está localizado na tradução da nomenclatura das fórmulas, realiza-se
um estudo comparatista sobre três versões traduzidas da Tratado das Doenças
Provocadas pelo Frio (Sh ā ng Hán Lùn), uma obra canônica sobre as fórmulas
clássicas, onde se repara que as principais divergências sobre a tradução desta área
incluem o dilema entre os nomes transliterados em pinyin, os nomes latinos ou os
nomes portugueses para as matérias medicinais, o tratamento das expressões
metafóricas e a avaliação dos termos equivalentes na medicina ocidental. Depois, com
base em duas listas sobre as fórmulas chinesas, disponibilizadas pela NMPA, faz-se
uma análise pormenorizada sobre as características da terminologia das fórmulas, das
quais se destacam a reflexão sobre as filosofias chinesas, o uso das expressões
metafóricas e a densidade elevada das informações. Seguidamente, tomando em
consideração as características da nomenclatura das fórmulas e as divergências
anotadas na sua tradução, propõe-se uma metodologia para orientar e tentar
estandardizar a sua tradução, sublinhando a tradução das matérias medicinais, para a
qual se endossa os nomes portugueses e as transliterações em pinyin, o uso da
estratégia de transliteração limitado em certas situações e a manutenção de metáforas
com base numa diferenciação entre as metáforas funcionais e linguísticas. Por fim,
sob esta metodologia, a nomenclatura das fórmulas constantes das duas listas
propostas pela NMPA traduz-se para a língua portuguesa.
The aim of this dissertation is to address some problems related to the translation of TCM formulae names and to establish some criteria to guide their translation into Portuguese. The first several parts of this dissertation are dedicated to a brief presentation about the spread of TCM, the history of TCM translation and also the state of the art of TCM terminology translation into Portuguese. Since our focus is on the translation of the nomenclature of formulae, a comparative study is carried out based on three translated versions of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases (Shāng Hán Lùn), a canonical book about classical formulae, where it is noted that the main divergences in the translation of this area include the dilemma between the names transliterated in pinyin, the Latin names or the Portuguese names for the medicinal materials, the treatment of metaphorical expressions and the evaluation of equivalent terms in Western medicine. Then, on the basis of two lists of Chinese formulae, published by the NMPA, a detailed analysis is made to figure out the main characteristics about the formulae name terminology, including the reflection on Chinese philosophies, the use of metaphorical expressions and the high density of information. Next, taking into account the characteristics of the nomenclature of formulae and the divergences noted in their translation, a methodology is proposed to guide and standardise their translation. According to our methodology, Portuguese names and pinyin transliterations are prioritised for the translation of medicinal materials while the use of transliteration strategy should be limited into certain scenarios and the maintenance or elimination of metaphors in translated terms should depend on a differentiation between functional and linguistic metaphors. Finally, under this methodology, the nomenclature of the formulae included in the two lists proposed by NMPA is translated into Portuguese.
The aim of this dissertation is to address some problems related to the translation of TCM formulae names and to establish some criteria to guide their translation into Portuguese. The first several parts of this dissertation are dedicated to a brief presentation about the spread of TCM, the history of TCM translation and also the state of the art of TCM terminology translation into Portuguese. Since our focus is on the translation of the nomenclature of formulae, a comparative study is carried out based on three translated versions of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases (Shāng Hán Lùn), a canonical book about classical formulae, where it is noted that the main divergences in the translation of this area include the dilemma between the names transliterated in pinyin, the Latin names or the Portuguese names for the medicinal materials, the treatment of metaphorical expressions and the evaluation of equivalent terms in Western medicine. Then, on the basis of two lists of Chinese formulae, published by the NMPA, a detailed analysis is made to figure out the main characteristics about the formulae name terminology, including the reflection on Chinese philosophies, the use of metaphorical expressions and the high density of information. Next, taking into account the characteristics of the nomenclature of formulae and the divergences noted in their translation, a methodology is proposed to guide and standardise their translation. According to our methodology, Portuguese names and pinyin transliterations are prioritised for the translation of medicinal materials while the use of transliteration strategy should be limited into certain scenarios and the maintenance or elimination of metaphors in translated terms should depend on a differentiation between functional and linguistic metaphors. Finally, under this methodology, the nomenclature of the formulae included in the two lists proposed by NMPA is translated into Portuguese.