A carregar...
Publicação
Perfil clínico e hábitos desportivos de atletas veteranos de trail running de longas distâncias : importância do exame médico desportivo
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.09 MB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Introdução: Os desportos de corrida de média-longa distância têm aumentado nos
últimos anos, sobretudo entre atletas veteranos (³35 anos). A avaliação pré-competitiva
destes atletas é essencial para a deteção dos indivíduos com risco acrescido de eventos
clínicos despoletados pelo exercício.
Objetivos: Caracterizar a prática desportiva de atletas portugueses veteranos que
praticam corridas de média-longa distância; avaliar a prevalência de fatores de risco
cardiovascular; conhecer a metodologia de avaliação médica e pré-competitiva
realizadas.
Métodos e Resultados: Foi elaborado um questionário online dirigido aos atletas que já
participaram em eventos da Associação de Trail Running de Portugal, analisando-se
características demográficas, do exercício físico e da avaliação médico-desportiva. A
população final incluiu 455 atletas (81,5% do género masculino; idade média 45,9±6,8
anos), 49% federados, com média de 7,5±6,4 anos de prática regular da modalidade
desportiva, 7±4 horas de treino semanal, com uma média 54,9±25km percorridos por
semana. A maioria (62,3%) dos atletas negou a presença de fatores de risco CV, mas
14,1% tinham pelo menos um identificado; 30 (6,6%) atletas tinham patologia CV prévia
conhecida. Menos de metade dos atletas (46,8%) referiram ter exame médicodesportivo
atualizado para a época 2021/2022. Dos 268 (59%) atletas seguidos
regularmente por um médico, 47,4% destes não apresentava exame médico-desportivo
atualizado.
Conclusão: Neste estudo comprova-se que a dose de exercício praticada é elevada, mas
a percentagem de atletas veteranos com exame médico-desportivo e seguimento
médico regularizado é baixa. A avaliação pré-competitiva e regular deste tipo de atletas
permitirá a deteção precoce de adaptações patológicas induzidas pelo exercício.
Introduction: Middle-long distance running sports have increased in recent years, especially among veteran athletes (35 years old). The pre-competitive assessment of these athletes is essential for the detection of individuals at increased risk of exercisetriggered clinical events. Objectives: To characterize the sport practice of veteran Portuguese athletes who practice medium-long distance running; to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors; to know the methodology of medical and pre-competitive assessment. Methods and Results: An online questionnaire was designed for athletes who have participated in events of the Portuguese Trail Running Association, analyzing demographic characteristics, physical exercise and medical-sports assessment. The final population included 455 athletes (81.5% male; mean age 45.96.8 years), 49% federated, with a mean of 7.56.4 years of regular practice of the sport, 74 hours of weekly training, with a mean of 54.925km covered per week. Most (62.3%) of the athletes denied the presence of CV risk factors, but 14.1% had at least one identified; 30 (6.6%) athletes had previous known CV pathology. Less than half of the athletes (46.8%) reported having an updated sports medical examination for the 2021/2022 season. Of the 268 (59%) athletes regularly followed by a physician, 47.4% of these did not have an updated sports medical examination. Conclusion: This study shows that the amount of exercise practiced is high, but the percentage of veteran athletes with a sports medical examination and regular medical follow-up is low. The regular pre-competitive evaluation of this type of athlete will allow the early detection of pathological adaptations induced by exercise.
Introduction: Middle-long distance running sports have increased in recent years, especially among veteran athletes (35 years old). The pre-competitive assessment of these athletes is essential for the detection of individuals at increased risk of exercisetriggered clinical events. Objectives: To characterize the sport practice of veteran Portuguese athletes who practice medium-long distance running; to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors; to know the methodology of medical and pre-competitive assessment. Methods and Results: An online questionnaire was designed for athletes who have participated in events of the Portuguese Trail Running Association, analyzing demographic characteristics, physical exercise and medical-sports assessment. The final population included 455 athletes (81.5% male; mean age 45.96.8 years), 49% federated, with a mean of 7.56.4 years of regular practice of the sport, 74 hours of weekly training, with a mean of 54.925km covered per week. Most (62.3%) of the athletes denied the presence of CV risk factors, but 14.1% had at least one identified; 30 (6.6%) athletes had previous known CV pathology. Less than half of the athletes (46.8%) reported having an updated sports medical examination for the 2021/2022 season. Of the 268 (59%) athletes regularly followed by a physician, 47.4% of these did not have an updated sports medical examination. Conclusion: This study shows that the amount of exercise practiced is high, but the percentage of veteran athletes with a sports medical examination and regular medical follow-up is low. The regular pre-competitive evaluation of this type of athlete will allow the early detection of pathological adaptations induced by exercise.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2023
Palavras-chave
Atleta veterano Avaliação médico-desportiva Desporto extremo Cardiologia