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Eficácia do tratamento da obesidade pediátrica através de intervenções centradas na família com recurso a componentes tecnológicas : uma revisão da literatura
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Introdução: Embora se reconheça a educação alimentar e a adoção de estilos de vida saudáveis como forma de prevenção e tratamento da obesidade em idade pediátrica, ainda não é claro o papel que as novas tecnologias podem desempenhar no processo de educação das famílias com crianças com excesso de peso. Websites, blogues, aplicações para smartphones, videojogos, smartwatches e redes sociais são veículos de informação acedidos e utilizados por milhões de pessoas, que estão ao dispor dos profissionais de saúde. Torna-se importante clarificar o potencial destas ferramentas enquanto meio de tratamento do excesso de peso infantil e de reeducação das famílias para um
estilo de vida mais saudável.
Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema. Foi utilizado um método de revisão não sistemática da literatura. A pesquisa foi realizada em bases nas bases de dados eletrónicas MEDLINE, MBASE, Wiley, The Cochrane Library, tendo-se procurado trabalhos publicados desde 2015 até ao presente, sendo admitidos estudos originais, estudos de revisão e metaanálises.
A admissão e exclusão de textos foi realizada de acordo com critérios específicos.
Resultados: As intervenções realizadas no seio da família com recurso a componentes tecnológicas que foram analisadas mostraram-se eficazes na reeducação de hábitos e estilos de vida. Os trabalhos revistos apresentavam desenhos de estudo e metodologias de intervenção heterogéneas. Contudo, não ficou demonstrada a eficácia na redução de parâmetros de IMC ou z-score de IMC.
Conclusões: Parece evidente um potencial dos programas de saúde baseados nas novas tecnologias na melhoria do estilo de vida das crianças e das famílias. A adesão às ferramentas parece surgir da personalização dos conteúdos e de sistemas de feedback instantâneo e personalizado.
Introduction: Although food education and the adoption of healthy lifestyles are recognized as a means of preventing and treating paediatric obesity, it is still unclear the role that new technologies can play in the education process of families with overweight children. Websites, blogs, smartphone applications, video games, smartwatches, social networks are information vehicles accessed and used by millions of users daily. It is important to clarify the potential of these tools as a means of treating childhood obesity and prompting families to adopt a healthier lifestyle. Methods: This is a literature review on the subject. A non-systematic literature review method was used. The research was based on the electronic databases MEDLINE, MBASE, Wiley, The Cochrane Library. The search was centred in works published from 2015 onwards. Original studies, review studies and metaanalysis were accepted. The admission and exclusion of texts was performed according to specific criteria. Results: The studies that were analysed proved to be effective in re-educating habits and lifestyles. The reviewed papers presented heterogeneous study designs and intervention methodologies. However, efficacy in reducing BMI parameters or BMI z-score was not demonstrated. Conclusion: The potential of technology-based health programs to improve the lifestyle of children and families seems evident. Adherence to tech tools seems to stem from content personalization and instant and personalized feedback systems.
Introduction: Although food education and the adoption of healthy lifestyles are recognized as a means of preventing and treating paediatric obesity, it is still unclear the role that new technologies can play in the education process of families with overweight children. Websites, blogs, smartphone applications, video games, smartwatches, social networks are information vehicles accessed and used by millions of users daily. It is important to clarify the potential of these tools as a means of treating childhood obesity and prompting families to adopt a healthier lifestyle. Methods: This is a literature review on the subject. A non-systematic literature review method was used. The research was based on the electronic databases MEDLINE, MBASE, Wiley, The Cochrane Library. The search was centred in works published from 2015 onwards. Original studies, review studies and metaanalysis were accepted. The admission and exclusion of texts was performed according to specific criteria. Results: The studies that were analysed proved to be effective in re-educating habits and lifestyles. The reviewed papers presented heterogeneous study designs and intervention methodologies. However, efficacy in reducing BMI parameters or BMI z-score was not demonstrated. Conclusion: The potential of technology-based health programs to improve the lifestyle of children and families seems evident. Adherence to tech tools seems to stem from content personalization and instant and personalized feedback systems.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Doenças Metabólicas e Comportamento Alimentar, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, 2020
Palavras-chave
Obesidade infantil Família Tecnologias Web Teses de mestrado - 2020