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Será a geriatria uma necessidade na formação médica nos cuidados de saúde primários?
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Enquadramento: A Geriatria é a área da Medicina que aborda de forma abrangente e integrada a pessoa idosa, procurando contribuir para a saúde global e bem-estar do idoso, preservando a autonomia e a qualidade de vida do mesmo. O envelhecimento da população justifica profissionais de saúde especializados nesta área, que se verifica carenciada pela inexistência da especialidade, nomeadamente em Portugal. A maioria dos utentes que recorrem ao Médico de Família são adultos e, cerca de metade desses são idosos. Deste modo, é crucial a formação alargada e especializada em Geriatria de todos os profissionais de saúde, em particular em Medicina Geral e Familiar, pois são frequentemente o primeiro contacto dos idosos em busca de cuidados médicos. Objetivo: Percecionar e analisar os conteúdos formativos pré e pós-graduados da área de Geriatria que permitam refletir sobre possíveis necessidades formativas dos profissionais de saúde que lidam com a população idosa, em particular os médicos da especialidade de Medicina Geral e Familiar, em Portugal e noutros países como Estados Unidos da América e Canadá. Metodologia: Para a realização desta revisão narrativa foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados da PubMed, UpToDate, Google Scholar e em páginas da internet relevantes para o tema. Foram explorados os programas curriculares do 1º ao 6º ano de todas as escolas médicas de Portugal, para verificar se incluem formação em Geriatria e quais os conteúdos abordados. Foi ainda consultado o programa pósgraduado da Ordem dos Médicos da competência de Geriatria. Conclusão: Verifica-se uma carência formativa e uma baixa adesão no ensino médico na área especifica de Geriatria. O ensino teórico e, essencialmente prático, em contexto geriátrico, é uma mais-valia para a compreensão global e melhor abordagem da pessoa idosa por parte do clínico. Esta boa prática permite contribuir para um envelhecimento saudável. Há que promover a motivação entre os profissionais envolvidos nesta área.
Background: Geriatrics is the field of Medicine that comprehensively and integratively addresses elderly individuals, aiming to contribute to their overall health and well-being while preserving their autonomy and quality of life. The aging population justifies the need for health professionals specialized in this area, which is currently lacking due to the absence of the specialty, particularly in Portugal. The majority of patients who seek family doctors are adults, and approximately half of them are elderly. Therefore, comprehensive and specialized training in Geriatrics for all health professionals, especially in General and Family Medicine, is crucial, as they often serve as the first point of contact for elderly individuals seeking medical care. Objectives: To perceive and analyse the pre- and post-graduate educational content in the field of Geriatrics that allow reflection on possible training needs of health professionals dealing with the elderly population, particularly physicians in the specialty of General and Family Medicine, in Portugal and other countries such as the United States of America and Canada. Methodology: For the accomplishment of this narrative review, research was conducted in the databases of PubMed, UpToDate, Google Scholar, and on internet pages relevant to the theme. The curricular programs from the 1st to the 6th year of all medical schools in Portugal were explored to verify if they include training in Geriatrics and which contents are covered. The postgraduate program of the Medical Association in the competency of Geriatrics was also consulted. Conclusion: There is a lack of training and low adherence in medical education in the specific area of Geriatrics. The theoretical and essentially practical teaching in a geriatric context is an asset for the overall understanding and better approach to elderly individuals by clinicians. This good practice contributes to healthy aging. It is essential to promote motivation among professionals involved in this field.
Background: Geriatrics is the field of Medicine that comprehensively and integratively addresses elderly individuals, aiming to contribute to their overall health and well-being while preserving their autonomy and quality of life. The aging population justifies the need for health professionals specialized in this area, which is currently lacking due to the absence of the specialty, particularly in Portugal. The majority of patients who seek family doctors are adults, and approximately half of them are elderly. Therefore, comprehensive and specialized training in Geriatrics for all health professionals, especially in General and Family Medicine, is crucial, as they often serve as the first point of contact for elderly individuals seeking medical care. Objectives: To perceive and analyse the pre- and post-graduate educational content in the field of Geriatrics that allow reflection on possible training needs of health professionals dealing with the elderly population, particularly physicians in the specialty of General and Family Medicine, in Portugal and other countries such as the United States of America and Canada. Methodology: For the accomplishment of this narrative review, research was conducted in the databases of PubMed, UpToDate, Google Scholar, and on internet pages relevant to the theme. The curricular programs from the 1st to the 6th year of all medical schools in Portugal were explored to verify if they include training in Geriatrics and which contents are covered. The postgraduate program of the Medical Association in the competency of Geriatrics was also consulted. Conclusion: There is a lack of training and low adherence in medical education in the specific area of Geriatrics. The theoretical and essentially practical teaching in a geriatric context is an asset for the overall understanding and better approach to elderly individuals by clinicians. This good practice contributes to healthy aging. It is essential to promote motivation among professionals involved in this field.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2024
Palavras-chave
Geriatria Educação médica Cuidado familiar Prática familiar Cuidados de saúde primários Medicina geral e familiar