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Determination of baseline groundwater levels for tree conservation in urban historical botanical gardens using applied geophysics

2025Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorPaz, Maria Catarina
dc.contributor.authorFalcão, Ana Paula
dc.contributor.authorGarcia, César Augusto
dc.contributor.authorEsteves, Miguel
dc.contributor.authorAfonso, Nuno
dc.contributor.authorMendes, Maria Paula
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-05T10:16:23Z
dc.date.available2025-06-05T10:16:23Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractHistorical botanical gardens hold a significant place in cultural heritage. They serve as interpretive repositories of past botanical knowledge and practices, showcase plant collections cultivated over centuries, provide space for the emergence of new ecologies, offer numerous human well-being benefits, and supply vital regulating ecosystem services, which are especially important in urban areas. Nowadays, however, plants within urban historical botanical gardens can be at risk due to urban development. Therefore, it is crucial to achieve a comprehensive understanding of these spaces to help implement protective measures and support proper urban planning of the surrounding areas. This study investigates the subsurface of the Botanical Garden of Lisbon (JBL), which is subject to nearby construction works that may alter groundwater flow and depth. We employed a methodology designed for minimal on-site disturbance and high adaptability to the spatial constraints typical of these spaces. Two non-invasive applied geophysical techniques were used: ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Our main objectives were: (1) to assess groundwater levels in the construction area and establish the piezometric surface, and (2) to determine if the tree-root zones reach the saturated zone, establish a groundwater baseline, and suggest protective measures. The establishment of the piezometric surface and the delimitation of the tree-root zone, extending up to 3.0 m in depth, revealed that tree-root zones can reach groundwater levels. This finding underscores the critical need for vigilant monitoring and management of groundwater levels during excavation activities, as decreased lateral groundwater contributions from the potential excavation site can adversely affect groundwater levels in the plant beds. These findings and methodology can be applied to urban botanical gardens worldwide, as many of these gardens face similar challenges due to urbanization and environmental changes.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationPaz, M. C., Falcão, A. P., Garcia, C. A., Esteves, M., Afonso, N. & Mendes, M. P. (2025). Determination of baseline groundwater levels for tree conservation in urban historical botanical gardens using applied geophysics. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 73, 256-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.001pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.culher.2025.04.001pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1296-2074
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/101326
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherElsevierpt_PT
dc.relationCivil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1296207425000585?via%3Dihubpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectHistorical botanical gardenpt_PT
dc.subjectGroundwaterpt_PT
dc.subjectRoot zonept_PT
dc.subjectElectrical resistivity tomography (ERT)pt_PT
dc.subjectGround-penetrating radar (GPR)pt_PT
dc.subject3D GISpt_PT
dc.titleDetermination of baseline groundwater levels for tree conservation in urban historical botanical gardens using applied geophysicspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleCivil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/Concurso de avaliação no âmbito do Programa Plurianual de Financiamento de Unidades de I&D (2017%2F2018) - Financiamento Base/UIDB%2F04028%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F04625%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/CEEC IND6ed/2023.08653.CEECIND%2FCP2830%2FCT0018/PT
oaire.citation.endPage266pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage256pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Cultural Heritagept_PT
oaire.citation.volume73pt_PT
oaire.fundingStreamConcurso de avaliação no âmbito do Programa Plurianual de Financiamento de Unidades de I&D (2017/2018) - Financiamento Base
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStreamCEEC IND6ed
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isProjectOfPublication8d12be2a-e5ae-4535-8936-e81a6af785e6
relation.isProjectOfPublication7b76cb0f-030f-4ab8-bff0-f7b95fb708f3
relation.isProjectOfPublicationfe134935-a69e-41ce-8076-a49511a461c7
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery7b76cb0f-030f-4ab8-bff0-f7b95fb708f3

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