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Por quê querer ser mãe? Motivações para a maternidade, stresse e resiliência em pacientes de consultas de fertilidade
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A presente investigação visa explorar fatores motivacionais na base do desejo
de se ser mãe e a sua relação, por um lado, com variáveis psicológicas que a literatura
demonstra serem relevantes para o sucesso dos tratamentos de fertilidade e, por outro lado,
com variáveis relativas ao tratamento, à experiência subjetiva do esforço que exige e das
expectativas de resultados. Objetivos: Esta investigação procurou compreender qual a
relação entre os diferentes tipos de motivação para a maternidade, o stresse e a resiliência, de
mulheres em consultas de fertilidade, e averiguar o impacto destas variáveis psicológicas nas
atitudes e comportamentos face ao tratamento; para tal, outro objetivo foi criar um
questionário que avalie as motivações, nas suas dimensões Intrínseca e Extrínseca, para a
maternidade (QMM). Metodologia: Participaram 61 mulheres, das quais 29 eram pacientes
de consultas de fertilidade (idade: M = 36.7; DP = 4.56) e 32 mulheres da população geral
(idade: M = 33.44; DP = 4.47) que responderam a um conjunto de questionários online a
partir da plataforma Qualtrics: Questionário Sociodemográfico e Clínico, Questionário de
Motivações para a Maternidade (QMM), Escala de Motivação para a Parentalidade (EMP),
Escala do Stresse Percecionado (PSS) e Escala de Resiliência Connor-Davidson (CD –
RISC). Resultados: A Motivação Intrínseca Total e, em particular, a Intrínseca Existencial,
medidas pelo QMM, mostraram-se significativamente correlacionadas com a perceção de
stresse, nas pacientes de consulta de fertilidade mas não na amostra da população geral, tendo
sido, juntamente com baixa resiliência, o melhor preditor do stresse vivido por essas
participantes. Além disso, o QMM discriminou convenientemente as participantes do
presente estudo face às dimensões a avaliar, das suas motivações para a maternidade, e
mostrou-se psicometricamente adequado, com um Alpha de Cronbach .93 e excelentes
indicadores de validade convergente e discriminante. Conclusão: Evidências apontam para
que as mulheres em consulta de fertilidade com motivação intrínseca existencial, apresentam
níveis mais altos de perceção de stresse e níveis mais baixos de resiliência em comparação
com as mulheres da população geral.
Introduction: The aim of the present research is to explore motivational factors based on the desire to be a mother and their relationship, on one hand, with psychological variables that literature shows to be relevant for the success of fertility treatments and, on the other hand, with variables related to treatment, to the subjective experience of effort required, and the expectations of results. Goals: This research seeks to understand the relationship between different types of motivation for maternity, stress, and resilience, in women who are followed in fertility consultations, and to find out the impact of these psychological variables on attitudes and behaviors facing the treatment. With that purpose, another goal was to construct a new instrument for the measurement of Intrinsic an Extrinsic) Motivations Towards maternity (Maternity Motivation Questionnaire- QMM) Methodology: Participants were 61 women, 29 patients of fertility consultations (age: M = 36.7; DP = 4.56) and 32 women of the general population (age: M = 33.44; DP = 4.47), and data collection was performed through online questionnaires in the Qualtrics platform: Sociodemographic and Clinical Questionnaire, Maternity Motivation Questionnaire (QMM), Parenting Motivation Scale (EMP), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD - RISC). Results: The Total Intrinsic Motivation, particularly the Existential Intrinsic Motivation measured by the QMM, were significantly correlated with the perception of stress in fertility consultation patients but not in the sample of the general population, having been along with low resilience is the best predictor of the stress experienced by these participants. Additionally, the QMM conveniently discriminated the participants of this study regarding the dimension to be assessed for their motivations for motherhood and proved to be psychometrically adequate, with a Cronbach Alpha of .93 and excellent indicators of convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion: Evidence indicates that women in fertility consultations with stronger intrinsic existential motivation for motherhood have higher levels of perceived stress and lower levels of resilience compared to women in general population.
Introduction: The aim of the present research is to explore motivational factors based on the desire to be a mother and their relationship, on one hand, with psychological variables that literature shows to be relevant for the success of fertility treatments and, on the other hand, with variables related to treatment, to the subjective experience of effort required, and the expectations of results. Goals: This research seeks to understand the relationship between different types of motivation for maternity, stress, and resilience, in women who are followed in fertility consultations, and to find out the impact of these psychological variables on attitudes and behaviors facing the treatment. With that purpose, another goal was to construct a new instrument for the measurement of Intrinsic an Extrinsic) Motivations Towards maternity (Maternity Motivation Questionnaire- QMM) Methodology: Participants were 61 women, 29 patients of fertility consultations (age: M = 36.7; DP = 4.56) and 32 women of the general population (age: M = 33.44; DP = 4.47), and data collection was performed through online questionnaires in the Qualtrics platform: Sociodemographic and Clinical Questionnaire, Maternity Motivation Questionnaire (QMM), Parenting Motivation Scale (EMP), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD - RISC). Results: The Total Intrinsic Motivation, particularly the Existential Intrinsic Motivation measured by the QMM, were significantly correlated with the perception of stress in fertility consultation patients but not in the sample of the general population, having been along with low resilience is the best predictor of the stress experienced by these participants. Additionally, the QMM conveniently discriminated the participants of this study regarding the dimension to be assessed for their motivations for motherhood and proved to be psychometrically adequate, with a Cronbach Alpha of .93 and excellent indicators of convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion: Evidence indicates that women in fertility consultations with stronger intrinsic existential motivation for motherhood have higher levels of perceived stress and lower levels of resilience compared to women in general population.
Description
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2021
Keywords
Motivação intrínseca Infertilidade Maternidade Resiliência Teses de mestrado - 2021