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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A eficácia da utilização de antibióticos no tratamento de infeções enfrenta atualmente desafios
associados ao aparecimento e disseminação de diferentes mecanismos de resistência
antimicrobiana nos microrganismos. Por outro lado, as infeções bacterianas do trato
respiratório inferior são afeções que podem colocar em risco a vida dos animais, sendo um
diagnóstico clínico comum em cães e gatos.
O objetivo do presente estudo foi contribuir para a caracterização da infeção bacteriana do
trato respiratório inferior no cão e no gato e das resistências antimicrobianas associadas. Para
isso, foi realizado um estudo retrospetivo com uma amostra populacional de 49 animais,
constituída por todos os cães e gatos, com suspeita de infeção bacteriana respiratória inferior,
que tenham sido submetidos à realização de uma lavagem bronco-alveolar e posterior
citologia e cultura microbiológica, no período de 2016-2018, no VetOeiras - Hospital
Veterinário.
Foi comprovada a existência de relação (p<0,05) entre os resultados da citologia e da cultura
microbiológica da amostra.
Os fatores predisponentes para infeções bacterianas das vias aéreas inferiores identificados
neste estudo (p<0,05) foram a presença de afeções concomitantes e a espécie do hospedeiro,
sendo mais comum no cão do que no gato.
As bactérias mais isoladas foram Staphylococcus spp. (35,1%), Pasteurella spp. (16,2%),
Pseudomonas spp. (13,5%) e Escherichia coli (10,8%). No total, 40,5% das estirpes
identificadas foram consideradas multirresistentes.
Verificou-se que os antibióticos prescritos mais frequentemente e a duração média dos
tratamentos estão de acordo com as normas de orientação de prescrição de antibióticos para
as infeções das vias aéreas inferiores.
Face aos resultados obtidos pensamos que este estudo contribui para a monitorização do
aparecimento de resistências antimicrobianas, bem como para o conhecimento das práticas
de prescrição de antibióticos, dos principais agentes etiológicos e respetivos padrões de
suscetibilidade, da região geográfica em que foi realizado.
ABSTRACT - CONTRIBUTION TO THE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE STUDY OF THE DOGS AND CATS’ LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS - The antibiotic effectiveness in the infections treatment currently faces challenges associated with the emergence and spread of different mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in microorganisms. On the other hand, lower respiratory tract bacterial infections are affections that can endanger the animals’ life, being a common clinical diagnosis in dogs and cats. The aim of the present study was to contribute to the characterization of dogs and cats’ lower respiratory tract bacterial infection and associated antimicrobial resistance. A retrospective study was performed with a population sample of 49 animals, consisting of all dogs and cats, with suspected lower respiratory bacterial infection, who underwent a bronchoalveolar lavage and subsequent cytology and microbiological culture, in the period of 2016-2018, at VetOeiras - Veterinary Hospital. It was found a relationship (p<0,05) between the cytology and microbiological culture results. The lower airway bacterial infections predisposing factors identified in this study (p<0,05) were the presence of concomitant disorders and the host species, being more common in dogs than in cats. The most isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus spp. (35,1%), Pasteurella spp. (16,2%), Pseudomonas spp. (13,5%) and Escherichia coli (10,8%). In all the strains identified, 40,5% were considered multidrug resistant. It has been found that the most frequently prescribed antibiotics and the treatments’ duration average are in accordance with the lower airway infections antibiotic prescription guidelines. Based on the results we think that this study contributes to the antimicrobial resistance monitoring, as well as to the antibiotic prescribing practices knowledge, the main etiological agents and their susceptibility patterns, in the geographic region where it was performed.
ABSTRACT - CONTRIBUTION TO THE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE STUDY OF THE DOGS AND CATS’ LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS - The antibiotic effectiveness in the infections treatment currently faces challenges associated with the emergence and spread of different mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in microorganisms. On the other hand, lower respiratory tract bacterial infections are affections that can endanger the animals’ life, being a common clinical diagnosis in dogs and cats. The aim of the present study was to contribute to the characterization of dogs and cats’ lower respiratory tract bacterial infection and associated antimicrobial resistance. A retrospective study was performed with a population sample of 49 animals, consisting of all dogs and cats, with suspected lower respiratory bacterial infection, who underwent a bronchoalveolar lavage and subsequent cytology and microbiological culture, in the period of 2016-2018, at VetOeiras - Veterinary Hospital. It was found a relationship (p<0,05) between the cytology and microbiological culture results. The lower airway bacterial infections predisposing factors identified in this study (p<0,05) were the presence of concomitant disorders and the host species, being more common in dogs than in cats. The most isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus spp. (35,1%), Pasteurella spp. (16,2%), Pseudomonas spp. (13,5%) and Escherichia coli (10,8%). In all the strains identified, 40,5% were considered multidrug resistant. It has been found that the most frequently prescribed antibiotics and the treatments’ duration average are in accordance with the lower airway infections antibiotic prescription guidelines. Based on the results we think that this study contributes to the antimicrobial resistance monitoring, as well as to the antibiotic prescribing practices knowledge, the main etiological agents and their susceptibility patterns, in the geographic region where it was performed.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Infeção do trato respiratório inferior cão gato resistências antimicrobianas antibióticos Lower respiratory tract bacterial infections dog cat antimicrobial resistance antibiotics
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Silva, A.T.G.G. (2019). Contribuição para o estudo da resistência antimicrobiana na infeção do trato respiratório inferior no cão e no gato. Dissertação de mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária
