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Rastreio de infeções parasitárias em migrantes : estudo retrospetivo num hospital periférico de Lisboa
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Introdução: Devido à maior incidência de doenças infecciosas em determinados países, é expectável que a incidência destas patologias seja superior na população migrante, salientando a importância da realização de testes de rastreio para melhorar os cuidados de saúde prestados a estes indivíduos. As infeções parasitárias são particularmente prevalentes nesta população, contudo, nem sempre são testadas, sendo difícil a sua caracterização epidemiológica em Portugal.
Objetivos: Este trabalho pretende avaliar a prevalência de um conjunto de infeções parasitárias em migrantes, bem como obter dados relevantes que permitam a caracterização sociodemográfica da população em análise.
Materiais e métodos: Foram consultados os processos clínicos dos participantes submetidos a exames laboratoriais para despiste de parasitoses, seguidos no Serviço de Infecciologia do Hospital Beatriz Ângelo entre abril de 2012 e abril de 2024, selecionando-se a amostra do estudo consoante os critérios de elegibilidade definidos. Os dados sociodemográficos e clínicos foram registados e submetidos a análise estatística no software SPSS. Valores-p <0,05 foram considerados significativos.
Resultados: De 186 participantes, 111 foram incluídos no estudo. A prevalência de infeções parasitárias foi de 57,7%, destacando-se os agentes Ascaris lumbricoides, Schistosoma spp. e Strongyloides stercoralis. A população do estudo apresentou uma maior proporção de mulheres e uma idade média de 43 anos; a grande maioria é oriunda de países de África Subsariana e reside há cerca de 10 anos em Portugal, em áreas urbanas.
Conclusão: A prevalência de infeções parasitárias nesta amostra de migrantes é de 57,7%, valor que merece a atenção dos profissionais de saúde na prestação de cuidados de saúde a esta população específica. No entanto, são necessários estudos mais robustos para justificar a implementação de rastreios sistemáticos.
Introduction: Due to the higher incidence of infectious diseases in certain countries, it is expected that incidence of these diseases in the migrant population is higher, which emphasizes the importance of carrying out screening tests in order to improve the health care provided to these individuals. Parasitic infections are specially prevalent in this population, however, they are not always screened, which bring difficulties when we try to do their epidemiological characterization in Portugal. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of a set of parasitic infections in migrants, as well as obtain relevant data to do the sociodemographic characterization of the study population. Materials and methods: In order to select our study population, we defined eligibility criteria and then we consulted the clinical files of participants undergoing laboratory tests for parasitic infections and followed at the Infecctious Diseases Unit of Hospital Beatriz Ângelo between april 2012 and april 2024. Sociodemographic and clinical data were registered and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software. P-values <0,05 were considered significant. Results: 111 of 186 participants were included in this study. The prevalence of parasitic infections was 57,7%, specially infections by Ascaris lumbricoides, Schistosoma spp. and Strongyloides stercoralis. The study population has a higher proportion of women, with an average age of 43 years. The vast majority are from sub-Saharan Africa and is living in Portugal for approximately 10 years, in urban areas. Conclusion: The prevalence of parasitic infections in these sample group of migrants is 57,7%, which deserves the attention of clinicians when providing health care to this specific population. However, more robust population-based studies are needed in order to justify screening among migrants.
Introduction: Due to the higher incidence of infectious diseases in certain countries, it is expected that incidence of these diseases in the migrant population is higher, which emphasizes the importance of carrying out screening tests in order to improve the health care provided to these individuals. Parasitic infections are specially prevalent in this population, however, they are not always screened, which bring difficulties when we try to do their epidemiological characterization in Portugal. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of a set of parasitic infections in migrants, as well as obtain relevant data to do the sociodemographic characterization of the study population. Materials and methods: In order to select our study population, we defined eligibility criteria and then we consulted the clinical files of participants undergoing laboratory tests for parasitic infections and followed at the Infecctious Diseases Unit of Hospital Beatriz Ângelo between april 2012 and april 2024. Sociodemographic and clinical data were registered and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software. P-values <0,05 were considered significant. Results: 111 of 186 participants were included in this study. The prevalence of parasitic infections was 57,7%, specially infections by Ascaris lumbricoides, Schistosoma spp. and Strongyloides stercoralis. The study population has a higher proportion of women, with an average age of 43 years. The vast majority are from sub-Saharan Africa and is living in Portugal for approximately 10 years, in urban areas. Conclusion: The prevalence of parasitic infections in these sample group of migrants is 57,7%, which deserves the attention of clinicians when providing health care to this specific population. However, more robust population-based studies are needed in order to justify screening among migrants.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2024
Palavras-chave
Doenças transmissíveis Infeção parasitária Migrantes Parasitas Rastreio